Radiobiological Effects of Highly Charged Ions
Radiobiological Effects of Highly Charged Ions
复制标题
高电荷离子的放射生物学效应
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Kraft
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Kraft
高电荷离子束的放射生物学效应对于肿瘤治疗和空间辐射防护具有重要意义。在肿瘤治疗中，高能质子和碳离子表现出相反的剂量分布，即能量沉积随穿透深度增加。这允许质子和碳离子比光子更大的肿瘤剂量。此外，对于较重的碳离子，这种剂量的增加是由更大的相对生物效率（RBE）增强。另一方面，较大的粒子相对辐射当量是空间辐射防护的问题，因为宇宙银河系辐射的辐射负荷由从质子到铁离子的重带电粒子组成。在这一章中，粒子放射治疗的物理和生物学基础及其现状将被介绍。关于空间辐射防护，将提供粒子谱，并讨论致癌和长期基因突变的风险。与肿瘤治疗的细胞失活问题相比，已经开发了基于物理学的模型，遗传变化的机制更为复杂，目前只能给出粗略的估计。
The radiobiological effects of highly-charged-ion beams are of interest for tumortherapy and for radioprotection in space. In tumor therapy, high-energy protons and carbon ions exhibit an inverse dose profile, i.e. an increase of energy deposition with penetration depth. This allows a greater tumor dose for protons and carbon ions than for photons. In addition, for the heavier carbon ions, this increase in dose is potentiated by a greater relative biological efficiency (RBE). On the other hand, the greater RBE of particles is the concern of space-radioprotection because the radiation burden of the cosmic galactic radiation consists of heavy charged particles from protons to iron ions. In this chapter, the physical and biological basis of particle radiotherapy and its present status will be presented. For space radioprotection, the particle spectrum will be given and the risk of cancer induction and long-term genetic mutation will be discussed. In contrast to the cell inactivation problem for tumor therapy, where physics-based models have been developed, the genetic changes are more complex in their mechanisms and only rough estimations can be given for the time being.