The effect of the loss of teeth on diet and nutrition.
The effect of the loss of teeth on diet and nutrition.
复制标题
牙齿缺失对饮食和营养的影响。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1984
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
A. Wayler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chauncey Hh;Muench Me;Kapur Kk;A. Wayler
人类的食物选择取决于生物、环境、文化和行为影响的复杂相互作用。许多研究提供的证据表明，食物的选择既不是由生理需要，也不是项目的可用性。老年人牙齿脱落的普遍流行以及咀嚼能力受损对食物选择模式的影响往往被忽视。现有资料表明，咀嚼功能下降在很大程度上是老年人主要消费柔软、易于咀嚼的食物的原因，而这反过来又会导致不良的饮食习惯和少量的营养摄入。看来，明显的牙齿损失有一个相关的咀嚼功能下降，显着改变也发生在某些知觉和感觉措施。一般来说，这些感知变化反映了口味和质地偏好的变化;即使在对缺失牙齿进行适当的修复性牙科治疗后，这种现象仍然存在，无论是可拆卸的部分还是全口义齿。人们早就知道，全口义齿佩戴者在插入他们的假体后会经历味觉的降低。在老年人中，享受食物的能力普遍下降，部分原因是与他们的假牙有关的味道紊乱。感觉丧失在很大程度上是由于假体造成的，还是主要反映了味觉和嗅觉受体的年龄相关变化，仍在探索中。所提供的资料表明，牙列受损的人，无论有没有假牙，都可能对自己实行某些饮食限制，这些限制最终会损害他们的营养状况，并最终使他们面临健康风险。
Human food selection is dependent on a complex interaction of biological, environmental, cultural and behavioural influences. Numerous studies have provided evidence that food choice is guided neither by physiologic need nor item availability. The widespread prevalence of tooth loss seen in the elderly and the impact of impaired masticatory ability on food selection patterns is often overlooked. Available information suggests that declining masticatory function is, in a large part, responsible for the elderly consuming predominantly soft, easy to chew foods, which, in turn, can induce poor dietary practices and marginal nutritional intakes. It appears that with appreciable tooth loss there is a related decline in masticatory function; significant alterations also take place in certain perceptual and sensory measures. Generally, these perceptual changes reflect alterations in taste and texture preferences; phenomena which persist even after appropriate restorative dental therapy for missing teeth, with either removable partial or complete dentures. It has long been known that full denture wearers experience a reduction in flavour perception after the insertion of their prostheses. In the elderly the generalized decrease in ability to enjoy food has, in part, been attributed to flavour disturbances associated with their dentures. Whether the sensory loss is, to a large degree, due to the prostheses, or primarily reflects age-associated changes in the gustatory and olfactory receptors, is still being explored. The information presented suggests that persons with impaired dentitions , both with and without a dental prosthesis, may impose upon themselves certain dietary restrictions which, in time, can compromise their nutritional status and ultimately place them at health risk.