Identifying the volcanic eruption depicted in a neolithic painting at Çatalhöyük, Central Anatolia, Turkey.
Identifying the volcanic eruption depicted in a neolithic painting at Çatalhöyük, Central Anatolia, Turkey.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0084711
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Lovera OM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schmitt AK;Danišík M;Aydar E;Şen E;Ulusoy İ;Lovera OM
在土耳其安纳托利亚中部新石器时代的圣塔尔约克遗址出土的一幅壁画被解释为已知的最古老的地图。它可以追溯到公元前660年，据推测，它描绘了位于圣塔尔约克东北130公里处的哈桑·达·ğı双峰火山的爆炸性顶峰喷发，以及前景中城镇计划的鸟瞰。然而，这种解释仍然存在争议，尤其是因为缺乏哈桑达ğı火山同时爆发的独立证据。在这里，我们记录了Hasan Dağı山顶安山岩浮石薄板的存在，我们用(U-Th)/He锆石年代学测定了它的年代。(U-Th)/He锆石喷发年龄为8.97±0.64ka(或公元前6960±640bcE；不确定度2σ)，与圣塔尔霍尤克文化地层的14C年龄密切重叠，包括第VII级包含“地图”壁画的年龄。来自Hasan Dağı底部附近地表沉积物的第二个浮石样本记录了28.9±1.5ka的更古老的爆炸性喷发。两个样品的U-Th锆石结晶年龄范围从接近喷发到长期平衡(>；380ka)。总而言之，我们的结果揭示了Hasan Dağı被爆炸性喷发打断的长期侵入活动，并提供了全新世爆炸性喷发的第一个辐射年龄，这很可能是该地区的人类目睹的。因此，地质学和年代学的证据支持了先前的解释，即圣塔尔约克的居民艺术上代表了Hasan Dağı火山的爆发。通过准连续的锆石结晶记录的岩浆寿命，再加上晚更新世和全新世爆发的新证据，暗示Hasan Dağı是一种潜在的火山灾害。
A mural excavated at the Neolithic Çatalhöyük site (Central Anatolia, Turkey) has been interpreted as the oldest known map. Dating to ∼6600 BCE, it putatively depicts an explosive summit eruption of the Hasan Dağı twin-peaks volcano located ∼130 km northeast of Çatalhöyük, and a birds-eye view of a town plan in the foreground. This interpretation, however, has remained controversial not least because independent evidence for a contemporaneous explosive volcanic eruption of Hasan Dağı has been lacking. Here, we document the presence of andesitic pumice veneer on the summit of Hasan Dağı, which we dated using (U-Th)/He zircon geochronology. The (U-Th)/He zircon eruption age of 8.97±0.64 ka (or 6960±640 BCE; uncertainties 2σ) overlaps closely with 14C ages for cultural strata at Çatalhöyük, including level VII containing the “map” mural. A second pumice sample from a surficial deposit near the base of Hasan Dağı records an older explosive eruption at 28.9±1.5 ka. U-Th zircon crystallization ages in both samples range from near-eruption to secular equilibrium (>380 ka). Collectively, our results reveal protracted intrusive activity at Hasan Dağı punctuated by explosive venting, and provide the first radiometric ages for a Holocene explosive eruption which was most likely witnessed by humans in the area. Geologic and geochronologic lines of evidence thus support previous interpretations that residents of Çatalhöyük artistically represented an explosive eruption of Hasan Dağı volcano. The magmatic longevity recorded by quasi-continuous zircon crystallization coupled with new evidence for late-Pleistocene and Holocene explosive eruptions implicates Hasan Dağı as a potential volcanic hazard.
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影响因子：
1.2
作者：
Carter, Tristan
通讯作者：
Carter, Tristan
DOI：
10.1016/s0377-0273(98)00050-x
发表时间：
1998-10-01
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Farley, KA;Kohn, BP;Pillans, B
通讯作者：
Pillans, B
DOI：
10.1016/s0377-0273(98)00097-3
发表时间：
1998-12-01
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Deniel, C;Aydar, E;Gourgaud, A
通讯作者：
Gourgaud, A