The impact of COVID-19 on gender inequality in the labor market and gender-role attitudes
The impact of COVID-19 on gender inequality in the labor market and gender-role attitudes
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DOI：
10.1080/14616696.2020.1823010
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发表时间：
2020-09-22
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Sargsyan, Anahit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Reichelt, Malte;Makovi, Kinga;Sargsyan, Anahit
COVID-19及其带来的流动性变化改变了地球仪数百万人的雇佣关系。新出现的证据表明，妇女可能受到这种变化的更严重影响。然而，由于家庭劳动分工的变化，这一流行病的影响可能超出就业的直接结构调整和家庭内性别角色态度的转变。我们分析了美国有代表性的受访者样本，德国和新加坡的研究表明，妇女向失业过渡、减少工作时间和向在家工作过渡的情况比男子更频繁-尽管这三个国家的程度不同。我们还表明，在大流行开始时有工作的夫妇中，如果男性失业而其伴侣仍有工作，则男性表现出更平等的性别角色态度，而如果女性失业而其伴侣仍有工作，则女性表现出更传统的态度。这些结果表明，性别角色的态度可能会适应生活的现实。长期后果将取决于随着经济复苏，男女就业关系如何进一步变化。
COVID-19 and ensuing changes in mobility have altered employment relations for millions of people across the globe. Emerging evidence shows that women may be more severely affected by this change. The pandemic, however, may have an impact beyond the immediate restructuring of employment and shift gender-role attitudes within households as a result of changes in the division of household labor. We analyze a representative sample of respondents in the U.S., Germany, and Singapore and show that transitions to unemployment, reductions in working hours and transitions to working from home have been more frequent for women than for men - although not to the same extent across the three countries. We also demonstrate that among couples who had been employed at the start of the pandemic, men express more egalitarian gender-role attitudes if they became unemployed but their partners remained employed, while women express more traditional attitudes if they became unemployed and their partners remained employed. These results indicate that gender-role attitudes might adapt to the lived realities. The long-term consequences will depend on how both men and women experience further shifts in their employment relations as economies recover.