Female oxidative status, egg antioxidant protection and eggshell pigmentation: a supplemental feeding experiment in great tits
Female oxidative status, egg antioxidant protection and eggshell pigmentation: a supplemental feeding experiment in great tits
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DOI：
10.1007/s00265-015-1893-1
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Tschirren, Barbara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giordano, Marta;Costantini, David;Tschirren, Barbara
氧化应激被认为是繁殖成本和生命史权衡的潜在机制。生殖活动可能导致促氧化剂的大量产生，如果没有足够的抗氧化防御，其活性会产生氧化损伤。由于个体间抗氧化系统效率的差异受到个体饮食的影响，繁殖过程中所经历的食物供应可能会影响雌性的抗氧化状态，在鸟类中，它们将抗氧化剂转移到卵子中的能力。此外，雌性应对氧化应激的能力被认为会影响蛋壳中的色素沉积，这表明蛋壳斑驳可能具有信号功能。为了研究产蛋期间的营养状况对雌性大山雀氧化状态和卵子投资的影响，以及母体氧化状态和卵子抗氧化保护与蛋壳色素沉着的关系，我们在自然种群大山雀（Parus major）中进行了食物补充实验。我们发现，与未补充食物的雌性相比，补充食物的雌性具有更低的氧化损伤水平（ROMs）。此外，雌性的ROMs水平与卵黄抗氧化保护水平呈负相关，但这种负相关仅在未补充食物的雌性中显著。这表明繁殖过程中所经历的氧化应激影响了抗氧化剂进入卵子的分配。此外，我们观察到蛋壳色素分布与母体和蛋黄的抗氧化保护呈正相关，表明蛋壳色素沉着是雌性（和后代）质量的一个线索。
Oxidative stress has been suggested as a mechanism underlying the costs of reproduction and life history trade-offs. Reproductive activities may lead to high production of pro-oxidants, whose activity can generate oxidative damage when not countered by adequate antioxidant defenses. Because inter-individual differences in the efficiency of the antioxidant system are influenced by an individual's diet, food availability experienced during reproduction may affect the females' antioxidant status and, in birds, their ability to transfer antioxidants into their eggs. Moreover, a female's ability to cope with oxidative stress has been suggested to influence pigment deposition in the eggshell, suggesting a possible signaling function of eggshell maculation. Here we performed a food supplementation experiment in a natural population of great tits (Parus major) in order to investigate how nutritional conditions experienced during the egg laying period affect the female's oxidative status and egg investment and how maternal oxidative status and egg antioxidant protection relate to eggshell pigmentation. We show that food-supplemented females had lower oxidative damage levels (ROMs) than non-food-supplemented females. Furthermore, a female's ROMs levels were negatively associated with the levels of yolk antioxidant protection in her eggs, but this negative association was only significant in non-food-supplemented females. This suggests that oxidative stress experienced during reproduction influences the allocation of antioxidants into the eggs. Moreover, we observed a positive relationship between eggshell pigment distribution and maternal and yolk antioxidant protection, suggesting that eggshell pigmentation is a cue of female (and offspring) quality.