Valuing Quiet: An Economic Assessment of U.S. Environmental Noise as a Cardiovascular Health Hazard.
Valuing Quiet: An Economic Assessment of U.S. Environmental Noise as a Cardiovascular Health Hazard.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2015.02.016
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Neitzel RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Swinburn TK;Hammer MS;Neitzel RL
环境噪音污染会增加听力损失、压力、睡眠中断、烦恼、心血管疾病的风险，并对健康产生其他不利影响。最近（2013年）的估计表明，超过1亿美国人暴露在不健康的噪音中。鉴于环境噪声污染的普遍性和对健康的重大影响，相应的经济影响可能是重大的。这份2014年的经济评估开发了一种新的方法来估计环境噪音对美国高血压和心血管疾病关键组成部分的患病率和成本的影响。通过将环境噪声与可比较的环境污染物放在一起，这种方法可以为公共卫生法律、规划和政策提供信息。假设全国范围内环境噪声水平的变化对高血压和冠心病的患病率和相应费用的影响进行了估计，需要注意的是，我们的暴露估计来自于30年前的美国国家级噪声数据。分析表明，降噪5db的情景可使高血压患病率降低1.4%，冠心病患病率降低1.8%。每年的经济效益估计为39亿美元。这些发现表明，环境噪声相关的心血管疾病对经济有重大影响。鉴于这些初步发现，噪音作为一种环境健康危害可能值得进一步重视和研究。
Environmental noise pollution increases the risk for hearing loss, stress, sleep disruption, annoyance, cardiovascular disease, and has other adverse health impacts. Recent (2013) estimates suggest that over 100 million Americans are exposed to unhealthy levels of noise. Given the pervasive nature and significant health effects of environmental noise pollution, the corresponding economic impacts may be significant. This 2014 economic assessment developed a new approach to estimate the impact of environmental noise on the prevalence and cost of key components of hypertension and cardiovascular disease in the US. By placing environmental noise in context with comparable environmental pollutants, this approach can inform public health law, planning and policy. The effects of hypothetical national-scale changes in environmental noise levels on the prevalence and corresponding costs of hypertension and coronary heart disease are estimated, with the caveat that the national-level US noise data our exposure estimates were derived from are >30 years old. The analyses suggest that a 5 dB noise reduction scenario would reduce the prevalence of hypertension by 1.4% and coronary heart disease by 1.8%. The annual economic benefit is estimated at $3.9 billion. These findings suggest significant economic impacts from environmental noise-related cardiovascular disease. Given these initial findings, noise may deserve increased priority and research as an environmental health hazard.