Holding (not so) fast: surface chemistry constrains kelp bioadhesion
Holding (not so) fast: surface chemistry constrains kelp bioadhesion
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DOI：
10.1080/09670262.2018.1547924
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发表时间：
2019-02
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Philip D. Kerrison;M. Stanley;David De Smet;G. Buyle;A. Hughes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Philip D. Kerrison;M. Stanley;David De Smet;G. Buyle;A. Hughes
摘要底栖大型藻类必须牢固地附着在底物上，以防止被水运动剥离和冲走。生物黏附系统的成功会受到表面化学的强烈影响，因此应该对其进行优化，以便进行大规模培养。这一点在培养的早期阶段尤其重要，此时幼体几乎没有附着性，这需要与表面的粗糙度相关联。将宽果甘蔗幼体孢子体直接应用于不同表面组成的聚合物膜上，研究了不同表面化学成分对发育中的固定器的附着力的影响。测试了8种聚合物化学成分：聚酰胺(PA)、聚乙烯(PE)、聚酯(PES)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚丙烯酸甲酯(PMA)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)和热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)。PP和PE也被检测为三个等级：带有添加剂的商业级、纯聚合物或电晕处理后的纯聚合物。添加剂包合物和电晕显著降低了水的接触角(p<；0.0001)，表明可用于生物附着的表面自由能增加。6周后，PVA、PA和PVC的附着力最大(0.19-0.33N)，与所获得的生物量有很强的相关性(R2=0.68)。添加剂和电晕处理提高了固定附着力，尤其是电晕处理的PE(0.28±0.08N：0N无电晕处理)。一般情况下，当接触角为60-75°时，化学物质的附着力最大。这些结果证实了高位芽植物Holdfast的生物附着强烈地受到所选择底物的表面自由能的影响。通过改变添加剂的组成，可以改善附着性，以创建定制的培养基质。电晕处理被认为是一种非常适合在培养过程中提高紧固力的方法。
ABSTRACT Benthic macroalgae must attach firmly to the substrate to prevent being detached and washed away by water motion. The success of the bioadhesion system can be strongly influenced by surface chemistry and so this should be optimized for large-scale cultivation. This is especially important during the early stage of cultivation when the juveniles have little thigmotactic attachment, which is needed to interlock with surface rugosity. Juvenile sporophytes of Saccharina latissima (Phaeophyceae) were directly applied onto polymer films of varied surface composition to determine how the attachment force of the developing holdfast was influenced by surface chemistry. Eight polymer chemistries were examined: polyamide (PA), polyethylene (PE), polyester (PES), polypropylene (PP), polymethylacrylate (PMA), polyvinylalcohol (PVA), polyvinylchloride (PVC) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The PP and PE were also examined as three grades: commercial grade with additives, pure polymer, or pure polymer following a corona treatment. Additive inclusion and corona significantly reduced the water contact angle (p < 0.0001), indicating an increase in the surface free energy available for bioadhesion. After 6 weeks, the attachment force was greatest on PVA, PA and PVC (0.19–0.33 N), correlating strongly with the achieved biomass (R2 = 0.68). Additives and corona treatment improved holdfast attachment force, particularly corona treated PE (0.28 ± 0.08 N: 0 N without corona). Generally, attachment force appeared greatest on chemistries with a contact angle of 60–75°. These results confirm that the bioadhesion of the phaeophyte holdfast is strongly influenced by the surface free energy of the substrate chosen. Through alteration of the additive composition, attachment could be improved to create bespoke cultivation substrates. Corona treatment is highlighted as a very suitable method for improving holdfast attachment force during cultivation.