Generalized Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem for Steady-State Systems
Generalized Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem for Steady-State Systems
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.103.090601
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发表时间：
2009-08-28
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Parrondo, J. M. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Prost, J.;Joanny, J. -F.;Parrondo, J. M. R.
涨落耗散定理是统计物理学的一个中心结论，它适用于任何处于热力学平衡的系统。它的违反是非平衡行为的强烈标志。我们证明了对于任何具有马尔可夫动力学的系统，在非平衡稳态下，适当选择可观测值可以恢复与平衡涨落耗散定理相同的涨落响应定理。这个定理适用于广泛的动力系统。我们用线性随机动力学和从分子马达和Hopf分岔的物理学中借来的例子来说明它。最后，我们讨论了该定理的一般含义。
The fluctuation-dissipation theorem is a central result of statistical physics, which applies to any system at thermodynamic equilibrium. Its violation is a strong signature of nonequilibrium behavior. We show that for any system with Markovian dynamics, in a nonequilibrium steady state, a proper choice of observables restores a fluctuation-response theorem identical to a suitable version of the equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation theorem. This theorem applies to a broad class of dynamical systems. We illustrate it with linear stochastic dynamics and examples borrowed from the physics of molecular motors and Hopf bifurcations. Finally, we discuss general implications of the theorem.