A prospective study of risk drinking: At risk for what?
A prospective study of risk drinking: At risk for what?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.12.007
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Grant, Bridget F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dawson, Deborah A.;Li, Ting-Kai;Grant, Bridget F.
来自两波具有全国代表性的美国人口样本的数据被用于将第一轮访谈前一年的危险饮酒频率与两次访谈之间约3年期间各种不良后果的发生率或发生联系起来（n = 22122在第一轮访谈中重新接受采访的第一轮饮酒者）。危险饮酒被定义为男性每天饮用相当于5个以上标准的饮料，女性每天饮用相当于4个以上标准的饮料。控制因素包括社会人口统计学和健康特征、危险饮酒日的平均饮酒量和非危险饮酒日的平均饮酒量。在所有危险饮酒频率下，非分层酒精滥用和依赖、开始吸烟和尼古丁依赖的几率均增加，且随频率的增加，其幅度呈相当连续的增加，每日/接近每日危险饮酒的OR值为3.03-7.23。在每周或更频繁的危险饮酒者中，肝脏疾病的发病率明显增加（or = 2.78-4.76）。在每日/接近每日饮酒风险人群中，社会危害和药物使用的几率增加（OR= 1.61-2.54），并且在所有风险饮酒频率中，吊销驾驶执照的可能性都显示出接近显著的增加。在预测酒精滥用和非法药物使用方面，危险饮酒的频率与非危险饮酒日的摄入量相互作用，与饮酒持续时间相互作用预测酒精依赖。饮酒风险直接或间接地与开始吸烟和尼古丁依赖有关，造成多种危害。这些发现对预防计划具有说明价值，它们表明频繁的危险饮酒是酒精中毒的强烈标志。爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司出版。
Data from two waves of a nationally representative U.S. population sample were used to link frequency of risk drinking in the year preceding the Wave I interview with the incidence or occurrence of various adverse outcomes in the approximately 3-year-period between the two interviews (n = 22,122 Wave I drinkers who were reinterviewed at Wave 2). Risk drinking was defined as consuming the equivalent of 5+ standard drinks in a day for men and the equivalent of 4+ standard drinks in a day for women. Controls included sociodemographic and health characteristics, mean quantity of drinks consumed on risk drinking days and average volume of intake on non-risk drinking days. The odds of nonhierarchical alcohol abuse and dependence, initiation of smoking and incidence of nicotine dependence were increased at all frequencies of risk drinking and showed a fairly continuous increase in magnitude with increasing frequency, reaching OR of 3.03-7.23 for daily/near daily risk drinking. The incidence of liver disease was strongly increased among weekly or more frequent risk drinkers (OR= 2.78-4.76). The odds of social harm and drug use were increased among daily/near daily risk drinkers (OR= 1.61-2.54), and the likelihood of drivers license revocation showed near- significant increases at all frequencies of risk drinking. Frequency of risk drinking interacted with volume of intake on non-risk drinking days in predicting alcohol abuse and illicit drug use and with duration of drinking in predicting alcohol dependence. Risk drinking poses a threat of many types of harm, both directly and indirectly through its association with smoking initiation and nicotine dependence. These findings have illustrative value for prevention programs, and they indicate that frequent risk drinking is a strong marker for alcoholism. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.