Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in developing countries: prevalence, management, and risk factors.
Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in developing countries: prevalence, management, and risk factors.
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DOI：
10.1016/s1474-4422(08)70169-8
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发表时间：
2008-09
期刊：
影响因子：
48
通讯作者：
Antuono, Piero
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalaria, Raj N.;Maestre, Gladys E.;Arizaga, Raul;Friedland, Robert P.;Galasko, Doug;Hall, Kathleen;Luchsinger, Jose A.;Ogunniyi, Adesola;Perry, Elaine K.;Potocnik, Felix;Prince, Martin;Stewart, Robert;Wimo, Anders;Zhang, Zhen-Xin;Antuono, Piero
尽管由于传染病、贫困和人类冲突导致死亡，但痴呆症的发病率注定会随着人口老龄化而在发展中国家增加。目前来自发展中国家的数据表明，在某些亚洲和拉丁美洲国家，65奥尔兹中年龄调整的痴呆患病率估计值较高（≥5%），但在印度和撒哈拉以南非洲地区一直较低（1-3%）;阿尔茨海默病占60%，而血管性痴呆占患病率的30%。具有单基因缺陷的早发性家族性痴呆发生在拉丁美洲、亚洲和非洲。文盲仍然是痴呆症的一个危险因素。APOE ε4等位基因不影响撒哈拉以南非洲人的痴呆进展血管因素，如高血压和2型糖尿病，可能会增加痴呆症的负担。使用传统饮食和药用植物提取物可能有助于预防和治疗。据估计，发展中国家每年的痴呆症费用为730亿美元，但护理需要社会保障，而这在这些地区似乎很稀缺。
Despite mortality due to communicable diseases, poverty, and human conflicts, dementia incidence is destined to increase in the developing world in tandem with the ageing population. Current data from developing countries suggest that age-adjusted dementia prevalence estimates in 65 year olds are high (≥5%) in certain Asian and Latin American countries, but consistently low (1–3%) in India and sub-Saharan Africa; Alzheimer's disease accounts for 60% whereas vascular dementia accounts for ∼30% of the prevalence. Early-onset familial forms of dementia with single-gene defects occur in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Illiteracy remains a risk factor for dementia. The APOE ε4 allele does not influence dementia progression in sub-Saharan Africans. Vascular factors, such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes, are likely to increase the burden of dementia. Use of traditional diets and medicinal plant extracts might aid prevention and treatment. Dementia costs in developing countries are estimated to be US$73 billion yearly, but care demands social protection, which seems scarce in these regions.