Application of biochar reduces Ralstonia solanacearum infection via effects on pathogen chemotaxis, swarming motility, and root exudate adsorption
Application of biochar reduces Ralstonia solanacearum infection via effects on pathogen chemotaxis, swarming motility, and root exudate adsorption
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生物炭的应用通过影响病原体趋化性、集群运动和根系分泌物吸附来减少青枯菌感染
DOI：
10.1007/s11104-016-3159-8
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Friman, Ville-Petri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gu, Yian;Hou, Yugang;Friman, Ville-Petri
在温室试验中，研究了生物炭（53-120 μ m和380-830 μ m）对番茄青枯病的抑制效果，并探讨了其潜在的防治机制。进一步研究了不同粒径的生物炭对番茄根系分泌物和病原菌的吸附效果。研究了生物炭和番茄根系分泌物对病原菌的趋化性和群集运动性的影响，并研究了生物炭对病原菌根系定殖的影响，结果表明，生物炭细施（3%; w：w）可显著降低青枯病发病率19.9%。不同粒径的生物质炭对根系分泌物的吸附能力相近，而细颗粒生物质炭对病原菌的吸附效率最高（91%）。根系分泌物和生物质炭提高了病原菌的趋化能力，而生物质炭则降低了病原菌的群集运动和根际定殖能力，施用生物质炭可显著降低青枯病的发病率。这在机理上解释为生物炭能够1）通过吸附根分泌物（基于病原体趋化性）直接和间接吸附病原体，以及2）直接抑制病原体群集运动和随后的根定殖。
We evaluated the efficacy of biochar application for suppressing bacterial wilt of tomato and identified the potential underlying mechanisms involved in the disease control.We measured the impact of two different sized biochar (53-120 mu m and 380-830 mu m) on bacterial wilt incidence in a greenhouse experiment. The efficiency of different sized biochar for the adsorption of tomato root exudates and the pathogen was further examined in vitro. We also quantified the effects of biochar and tomato root exudates on two pathogen virulence factors, chemotaxis, swarming motility and examined the effect of biochar on pathogen root colonization.Fine biochar application (3%; w:w) significantly decreased the bacterial wilt incidence by 19.9%. Biochar with different particle size had similar adsorption capacity for root exudates, while fine biochar was efficient (91%) in pathogen adsorption. Root exudates and fine biochar increased the chemotaxis ability of pathogen, while fine biochar reduced pathogen swarming motility and rhizosphere colonization.Application of fine biochar can significantly decreased bacterial wilt incidence. This was mechanistically explained by biochar ability to 1) adsorb pathogen directly and indirectly via adsorption of root exudates (based on pathogen chemotaxis) and to 2) directly suppress pathogen swarming motility and subsequent root colonization.