Sequential effects in Olympic synchronized diving scores.
Sequential effects in Olympic synchronized diving scores.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsos.160812
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发表时间：
2017-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Kramer RS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kramer RS
在评判序列中的表演时，当前分数常常受到之前分数的影响。如果运动员被认为相似，则判断会与前一个判断相同。然而，如果评委关注两名运动员之间的差异，就会对他们的成绩产生反差的影响。在这里，我研究了 2012 年和 2016 年奥运会同步跳水项目的连续效应。尽管之前的研究发现体操运动员的成绩存在同化现象，但当前的数据显示了对比效应——当前的成绩会因表现不佳而受益，但如果成绩较高，则处于劣势。一种解释可能是，判断同步配对的过程会导致关注运动员之间的差异，从而在跳水过程中产生对比效果。这种顺序偏差的具体方向可能取决于特定的运动项目，这对于法官如何以依赖于上下文的方式处理其角色以及如何解决此类偏差产生影响。
When judging performances in a sequence, the current score is often influenced by the preceding score. Where athletes are perceived to be similar, a judgement is assimilated towards the previous one. However, if judges focus on the differences between the two athletes, this will result in a contrasting influence on their scores. Here, I investigate sequential effects during synchronized diving events at the 2012 and 2016 Olympic Games. Although previous research found assimilation in scores of gymnasts, the current data showed contrast effects—current scores benefited from following a poor performance but were at a disadvantage if they followed a high-scoring performance. One explanation may be that the processes involved in judging synchronized pairs results in a focus on the differences between athletes, producing a contrast effect across dives. That the specific direction of this sequential bias may depend on the particular sport has implications for how judges might approach their roles in a context-dependent manner, as well as how such biases should be addressed.