Investigation of the effects and aftereffects of naturally occurring upper respiratory tract illnesses on mood and performance
Investigation of the effects and aftereffects of naturally occurring upper respiratory tract illnesses on mood and performance
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DOI：
10.1016/0031-9384(95)02112-4
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发表时间：
1996-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Smith, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hall, S;Smith, A
这项研究探讨了自然发生的上呼吸道疾病对情绪和表现的影响和后遗症。 26 名受试者（12 名男性，14 名女性，平均年龄 23 岁零 10 个月，年龄范围 18-39 岁）每周接受一次测试，持续一个月。第一周有 15 名受试者患有普通感冒，另外 11 名受试者是匹配的健康对照。受试者参加了最初的 3 小时测试期，其中包括一组练习试验和两次测试课程，涉及情绪评级和一系列测量精神运动功能、注意力和记忆力的测试的表现。第 3、4 和 5 节分别在 1、2 和 3 周后进行。除了测量情绪和心理表现外，还根据主观检查表对症状严重程度进行评级。结果显示，患有感冒的受试者的负面情绪有所增加，而且这种情况仅在第一周才显着。此时还观察到精神运动功能（简单反应时间和跟踪）受损。感冒受试者的持续性和选择性注意力任务的表现也受到损害，但这种影响仅在第二周才显着。在实验的任何阶段，患有感冒的受试者的其他功能，例如工作记忆和语义记忆都没有受到损害。总体而言，目前的结果证实了在实验诱发的上呼吸道疾病研究中获得的许多早期结果。事实上，这些结果都具有重大的实际意义和理论意义，进一步的研究现在必须阐明这些影响背后的机制。
This study examined the effects and aftereffects of naturally occurring upper respiratory tract illnesses on mood and performance. Twenty-six subjects (12 males, 14 females, mean age 23 years 10 months, age range 18-39 years) were tested once a week for a period of a month. Fifteen subjects were suffering from a common cold on the first week and the other 11 subjects were matched healthy controls. Subjects attended for an initial 3-h testing period that consisted of a set of practice trials and two test sessions involving mood rating and performance of a battery of tests measuring psychomotor functions, attention, and memory. Sessions 3, 4, and 5 took place 1, 2, and 3 weeks later, respectively. In addition to measuring mood and mental performance, symptom severity was rated on a subjective checklist. The results showed that subjects with a cold reported an increase in negative mood and that this was only significant in the first week. Impairments of psychomotor function (simple reaction time and tracking) were also observed at this time. Performance of sustained and selective attention tasks was also impaired in subjects with colds but this effect was only significant in the second week. Other functions such as working and semantic memory were unimpaired in subjects with colds at any point in the experiment. Overall, the present results confirm many of the earlier results obtained in studies of experimentally induced upper respiratory tract illnesses. Indeed, these results are both of great practical importance and theoretical interest and further studies must now elucidate the mechanisms underlying these effects.