Flow Rate and inlet temperature considerations for direct immersion of a single server in mineral oil
Flow Rate and inlet temperature considerations for direct immersion of a single server in mineral oil
复制标题
将单个服务器直接浸入矿物油中的流量和入口温度注意事项
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
V. Mulay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Eiland;J. Fernandes;M. Vallejo;D. Agonafer;V. Mulay
最近，将服务器完全浸入非导电矿物油中已成为一种很有前途的技术，可最大限度地减少数据中心的冷却能耗。由于液体的热容量更高，液体冷却通常比传统的空气冷却方法具有显着的优势。然而，由于缺乏足够的已公布数据和油浸冷却的长期可靠性文档，使得大多数数据中心运营商在将这些方法应用于其使命关键设施时犹豫不决。在这项研究中，一台服务器完全水平浸没在矿物油中。通过实验研究了体积流量和进油温度对服务器热性能和功耗的影响。具体而言，在稳态条件下记录CPU、主板组件和散装流体的温度测量值。与传统空气冷却进行的基线测试结果相比，矿物油有望成为数据中心的可行冷却替代品。总体而言，冷却回路能够实现低至1.03的部分功率使用效率（pPUECooling）值。这项服务器级研究提供了一个预览可能的设施节能利用高温，低流速油冷却。还讨论了优化IT硬件和实施油冷却的其他机会。
Complete immersion of servers in electrically nonconductive mineral oil has recently become a promising technique for minimizing cooling energy consumption in data centers. Liquid cooling in general offers significant advantages over traditional air cooling approaches due to the higher heat capacities of fluids. However, a lack of sufficient published data and long term reliability documentation of oil immersion cooling makes most data center operators hesitant to apply these approaches to their mission critical facilities. In this study, a single server was fully submerged horizontally in mineral oil. Experiments were conducted to observe the effects of varying the volumetric flow rate and oil inlet temperature on thermal performance and power consumption of the server. Specifically, temperature measurements of the CPUs, motherboard components, and bulk fluid were recorded at steady state conditions. Comparing with results from baseline tests performed with traditional air cooling show promise for mineral oil as a viable cooling alternative for data centers. Overall, the cooling loop was able to achieve partial power usage effectiveness (pPUECooling) values as low as 1.03. This server level study provides a preview of possible facility energy savings by utilizing high temperature, low flow rate oil for cooling. A discussion on additional opportunities for optimization of IT hardware and implementation of oil cooling is also included.