USE OF THE EURYHALINE BIVALVE POTAMOCORBULA-AMURENSIS AS A BIOSENTINEL SPECIES TO ASSESS TRACE-METAL CONTAMINATION IN SAN-FRANCISCO BAY
USE OF THE EURYHALINE BIVALVE POTAMOCORBULA-AMURENSIS AS A BIOSENTINEL SPECIES TO ASSESS TRACE-METAL CONTAMINATION IN SAN-FRANCISCO BAY
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DOI：
10.3354/meps124129
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发表时间：
1995-08-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
LUOMA, SN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BROWN, CL;LUOMA, SN
在美国加州的旧金山弗朗西斯科湾，将黑龙江河蚬（Potamocorbula amurensis）列为生物哨点物种。在实验室和现场的金属吸收表明，紫河车是足够的响应Ag，Cd，Cr，Ni和V检测暴露的环境差异，它是不适合作为Cu和Zn污染的指示。黑龙江云杉的富集系数为：Ag，386 000; Cd，50 200; Cr，36 600; Cu，12 200; Ni，5200;和Zn，115 500。从1991年1月至1992年3月，以近每月的间隔从整个海湾的6个站收集样品。一个集合内的变异性受到肠道内容物和动物大小的影响。其他变异性来源为时间[变异系数（CV）= 10 - 21%]、小尺度空间变异性（3 km内，CV = 10 - 25%）和大尺度空间变异性（CV = 3.3 - 12.4%）。净化48小时是必要的，以减轻肠道内容物的偏倚。通过分析大量的个人（60至120）分离成几个（5至14）复合材料在每个集合，并通过确定，从回归，平均值和方差的样品金属浓度和壳长之间的显着相关性，提高了精度。重复每月采样增加了长期的网站特性的准确性。由于干旱，时间变化很小。15个月期间，各站黑龙江云杉组织中Ag、Cd、Cr、Ni和V浓度的平均值表明，从工业化的休森湾到旧金山弗朗西斯科湾口，存在持续的污染。反应性、精确度和准确度的证明应是生物香菇最佳使用的先决条件。
Potamocorbula amurensis was assessed as a biosentinel species in San Francisco Bay, California, USA. Uptake of metal in both the laboratory and field showed that P. amurensis was sufficiently responsive to Ag, Cd, Cr, Ni and V to detect environmental differences in exposure; It was less suitable as an indicator of Cu and Zn contamination. Concentration factors for P. amurensis were: Ag, 386 000; Cd, 50 200; Cr, 36 600; Cu, 12 200; Ni, 5200; and Zn, 115 500. Samples were collected from 6 stations throughout the bay at near-monthly intervals from January 1991 to March 1992. Variability within a collection was influenced by gut content and animal size. Other sources of variability were time [coefficient of variation (CV) = 10 to 21%], small-scale spatial variability (within 3 km, CV = 10 to 25%), and large-scale spatial variability (CV = 3.3 to 12.4%). Depuration for 48 h was necessary to mitigate bias from gut content. Precision was improved by analyzing large numbers of individuals (60 to 120) separated into several (5 to 14) composites at each collection and by determining, from regression, the mean and variance for samples with significant correlations between metal concentration and shell length. Repeated monthly sampling increased the accuracy of long-term site characterizations. Temporal variability was small because of drought. The grand means of the concentrations of Ag, Cd, Cr, Ni, and V in the tissues of P. amurensis at each station for the 15 mo period revealed persistent contamination from industrialized Suisun Bay to the mouth of San Francisco Bay. Demonstration of responsiveness, precision and accuracy should be a prerequisite for the optimal use of biosentinels.