The zero-sum assumption in neutral biodiversity theory
The zero-sum assumption in neutral biodiversity theory
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jtbi.2007.06.010
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发表时间：
2007-10-07
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
McKane, Alan J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Etienne, Rampal S.;Alonso, David;McKane, Alan J.
Hubbell在其2001年专著中提出的生物多样性中性理论因其不切实际的简化假设而受到批评。这些假设是不同物种之间的功能等效（中性），点突变物种形成的假设，以及资源持续饱和的假设，例如恒定的资源可用性意味着恒定的社区规模（零和假设）。在这里，我们专注于零和假设。我们提出了一个一般的理论，用于计算观察到一个特定的物种丰度分布（抽样公式）的概率，并表明零和和非零和配方的中性理论具有完全相同的抽样公式时，社会处于平衡状态。此外，对于非零和社区，抽样公式也有同样的形式，即使是在均衡之外。因此，Hubbell [2001.生物多样性和生物地理学的统一中性理论，普林斯顿大学出版社，普林斯顿，新泽西州]，是不是真的合适，因为它也适用于非零和社区。相反，我们提出了“扩散限制多项式（DLM）”一词，从而明确了中性群落理论最重要的贡献之一，即强调扩散限制是决定物种丰度的主导因素。(C)2007爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
The neutral theory of biodiversity as put forward by Hubbell in his 2001 monograph has received much criticism for its unrealistic simplifying assumptions. These are the assumptions of functional equivalence among different species (neutrality), the assumption of point mutation speciation, and the assumption that resources are continuously saturated, such that constant resource availability implies constant community size (zero-sum assumption). Here we focus on the zero-sum assumption. We present a general theory for calculating the probability of observing a particular species-abundance distribution (sampling formula) and show that zero-sum and non-zero-sum formulations of neutral theory have exactly the same sampling formula when the community is in equilibrium. Moreover, for the nonzero-sum community the sampling formula has this same form, even out of equilibrium. Therefore, the term "zero-sum multinomial (ZSM)" to describe species abundance patterns, as coined by Hubbell [2001. The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ], is not really appropriate, as it also applies to non-zero-sum communities. Instead we propose the term "dispersal-limited multinomial (DLM)", thus making explicit one of the most important contributions of neutral community theory, the emphasis on dispersal limitation as a dominant factor in determining species abundances. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.