Phosphorus loss through surface runoff and leaching in response to the long-term application of different organic amendments on sloping croplands
Phosphorus loss through surface runoff and leaching in response to the long-term application of different organic amendments on sloping croplands
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DOI：
10.1007/s11368-020-02675-3
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发表时间：
2020-06-02
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Zhu, Bo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hua, Keke;Zhu, Bo
目的维持作物产量，减少磷素流失的环境风险是磷肥管理面临的关键挑战，有助于实现农业可持续发展目标。关于长期使用不同有机改良剂对坡耕地地表径流和淋失磷流失的影响，目前尚无研究。材料与方法利用蒸渗仪(8×4m(2))对4个处理(对照(CK)、无机肥(MF)、无机肥+猪粪(MFSM)、无机肥+秸秆+秸秆(MFCs))进行了长期定位试验。结果和讨论微肥处理的年径流和淋失磷负荷分别为90.3+/-29.4和39.2+/-13.2 mg m(-2)。土壤磷盈余量与总磷流失量之间呈线性正相关，每100 kg磷盈余量约损失2.9 kg ha(-1)。MFSM和MFCS处理的P利用率分别显著提高24.0%和34.5%，而土壤P盈余量分别减少10.5%和62.4%。总体而言，与微肥处理(0.12+/-0.04 kg t(-1))相比，MFSM和MFC处理的总磷损失量分别显著减少了71%和200%。结论长期施用有机改良剂，特别是秸秆还田，有效地减少了土壤磷的过剩和流失，从而提高了磷的利用率。我们建议将矿物肥与农作物秸秆结合使用，作为一种可持续的农业磷管理做法，以实现联合国可持续发展目标和土地退化中和挑战。
Purpose Sustaining crop yield and decreasing the environmental risk of phosphorus (P) loss are key challenges for P fertilization management, which is helpful for achieving the goals for agriculture sustainable development. The effects of the long-term application of different organic amendments on P loss through surface runoff and leaching on sloping croplands have not been studied until now. Materials and methods We simultaneously measured the P loss based on a long-term fertilization experiment using a lysimeter (8 x 4 m(2)) with four treatments: control (no fertilizer; CK), mineral fertilizer (MF), mineral fertilizer combined with swine manure (MFSM), and mineral fertilizer combined with crop straw (MFCS). Results and discussion Annual P loss loads through surface runoff and leaching in the MF treatment were 90.3 +/- 29.4 and 39.2 +/- 13.2 mg m(-2), respectively. The quantitative relationship between soil P surplus and total P loss load was described by a positive linear function, which suggested that a total P loss of approximately 2.9 kg ha(-1) occurred with each 100 kg ha(-1) of P surplus. P recovery efficiencies in the MFSM and MFCS treatments increased obviously by 24.0% and 34.5%, whereas soil P surplus decreased by 10.5% and 62.4%, respectively. Overall, the yield-scaled total P losses for the MFSM and MFCS treatments decreased significantly by 71% and 200%, respectively, compared with the MF treatment (0.12 +/- 0.04 kg t(-1)). Conclusions Long-term organic amendment application, especially for crop straw, effectively decreased P surplus and P loss, thereby increasing P efficiency. We recommend the combined application of mineral fertilizer with crop straw as a sustainable agronomic P management practice to achieve sustainable goals for development of the United Nations and the land degradation neutrality challenge.