RNA Encapsidation and Packaging in the Phleboviruses.
RNA Encapsidation and Packaging in the Phleboviruses.
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DOI：
10.3390/v8070194
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发表时间：
2016-07-15
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lodmell JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hornak KE;Lanchy JM;Lodmell JS
布尼亚病毒科代表了最大的分段RNA病毒家族，其感染了惊人的植物，动物和昆虫多样性。在布尼亚病毒科中，白蛉病毒属包括几种重要的人类和动物病原体，包括裂谷热病毒（RVFV）、严重发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒（SFTSV）、乌库涅米病毒（UUKV）和白蛉热病毒。白蛉病毒具有编码5-7种蛋白质的小的三部分RNA基因组。这几种蛋白质完成了在大量宿主成分中识别和特异性包装病毒基因组RNA的三片段互补的艰巨任务。最终导致病毒体产生的关键成核事件在宿主细胞质中早期开始，因为新生病毒RNA（vRNA）的第一条链被合成。vRNA和病毒核衣壳（N）蛋白之间的相互作用有效地保护和掩蔽RNA免受宿主的侵害，并且还形成核糖核蛋白（RNP）结构，其介导下游相互作用并驱动病毒体形成。虽然所有三种基因组对应物被选择性共包装的机制还不完全清楚，但我们开始了解从N-RNA包装开始并在RNP包装成新病毒颗粒中达到高潮的相互作用层次。在这篇综述中，我们专注于最近的进展，突出了RNA基因组包装的分子基础，在静脉病毒。
The Bunyaviridae represents the largest family of segmented RNA viruses, which infect a staggering diversity of plants, animals, and insects. Within the family Bunyaviridae, the Phlebovirus genus includes several important human and animal pathogens, including Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), Uukuniemi virus (UUKV), and the sandfly fever viruses. The phleboviruses have small tripartite RNA genomes that encode a repertoire of 5–7 proteins. These few proteins accomplish the daunting task of recognizing and specifically packaging a tri-segment complement of viral genomic RNA in the midst of an abundance of host components. The critical nucleation events that eventually lead to virion production begin early on in the host cytoplasm as the first strands of nascent viral RNA (vRNA) are synthesized. The interaction between the vRNA and the viral nucleocapsid (N) protein effectively protects and masks the RNA from the host, and also forms the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) architecture that mediates downstream interactions and drives virion formation. Although the mechanism by which all three genomic counterparts are selectively co-packaged is not completely understood, we are beginning to understand the hierarchy of interactions that begins with N-RNA packaging and culminates in RNP packaging into new virus particles. In this review we focus on recent progress that highlights the molecular basis of RNA genome packaging in the phleboviruses.