Mapping of available health research and development data: what's there, what's missing, and what role is there for a global observatory?
Mapping of available health research and development data: what's there, what's missing, and what role is there for a global observatory?
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61046-6
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发表时间：
2013-10-12
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Terry, Robert F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rottingen, John-Arne;Regmi, Sadie;Terry, Robert F.
使卫生研发投资与公共卫生需求保持一致的必要性是全球公共卫生领域最紧迫的挑战之一。我们的目标是全面描述现有的数据来源，提出一套监测全球卫生研发状况的指标，并根据国际数据库的数据，提出关于研究投入（投资）、过程（临床试验）和产出（出版物）的国家指标样本。2009年全球卫生研发投资总额（包括公共和私营部门）达到2400亿美元。在高收入国家投资的2140亿美元中，60%的卫生研发投资来自商业部门，30%来自公共部门，约10%来自其他来源（包括私营非营利组织）。2010年，所有卫生研发投资中只有约1%用于被忽视疾病。在临床试验中调查与高收入国家有关的疾病的次数是主要由低收入和中等收入国家负担的疾病的7至8倍。本报告证实，全球卫生研发格局仍然存在巨大差距，特别是低收入和中等收入国家。针对这些国家卫生需求的投资太少。需要更好的数据来改进卫生研发的重点确定和协调，最终确保将资源分配给最需要的疾病和区域。世卫组织正在讨论建立一个全球卫生研发观察站，这可以解决缺乏一个全面和可持续的全球卫生研发定期监测机制的问题。
The need to align investments in health research and development (R&D) with public health demands is one of the most pressing global public health challenges. We aim to provide a comprehensive description of available data sources, propose a set of indicators for monitoring the global landscape of health R&D, and present a sample of country indicators on research inputs (investments), processes (clinical trials), and outputs (publications), based on data from international databases. Total global investments in health R&D (both public and private sector) in 2009 reached US$240 billion. Of the US$214 billion invested in high-income countries, 60% of health R&D investments came from the business sector, 30% from the public sector, and about 10% from other sources (including private non-profit organisations). Only about 1% of all health R&D investments were allocated to neglected diseases in 2010. Diseases of relevance to high-income countries were investigated in clinical trials seven-to-eight-times more often than were diseases whose burden lies mainly in low-income and middle-income countries. This report confirms that substantial gaps in the global landscape of health R&D remain, especially for and in low-income and middle-income countries. Too few investments are targeted towards the health needs of these countries. Better data are needed to improve priority setting and coordination for health R&D, ultimately to ensure that resources are allocated to diseases and regions where they are needed the most. The establishment of a global observatory on health R&D, which is being discussed at WHO, could address the absence of a comprehensive and sustainable mechanism for regular global monitoring of health R&D.