Wetting under chemical equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions
Wetting under chemical equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions
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DOI：
10.1021/j100605a009
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发表时间：
1974
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
I. Aksay;C. E. Hoge;J. A. Pask
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
I. Aksay;C. E. Hoge;J. A. Pask
在Gibbs模型的基础上，讨论了化学平衡和非平衡条件下固-液-汽体系的热力学。在化学平衡条件下，液体对扁平和不可变形固体的润湿或不润湿程度由Young方程用静态界面张力来定义。在化学非平衡条件下，通过界面的传质导致相应的比界面自由能和界面张力的瞬时下降，降幅等于该界面单位面积的有效化学反应的自由能。当反应在固体和液体之间时，如果界面能降低足够大，并且如果固相中反应组分的扩散速度相对于液体的流速足够慢，从而使液滴外围的液体与未反应的固体动态接触，则界面张力的这种瞬时降低可以导致液滴在固体衬底上扩散。
The thermodynamics of a solid-liquid-vapor system both under chemical equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions, based on the model of Gibbs, is discussed. Under chemical equilibrium conditions, the degree of wetting or nonwetting of a flat and nondeformable solid by the liquid is defined by Young's equation in terms of the static interfacial tensions. Under chemical nonequilibrium conditions, mass transfer across an interface results in a transient decrease in the corresponding specific interfacial free energy and the interfacial tension by an amount equal to the free energy of the effective chemical reaction per area at that interface. When the reaction is between the solid and the liquid, this transient lowering of the interfacial tension can cause the liquid drop to spread on the solid substrate if the interfacial energy reduction is large enough and also if the diffusion rates of the reacting components in the solid phase are slow enough relative to the flow rate of the liquid to cause the liquid at the periphery of the drop to be in dynamic contact with unreacted solid.