Response of aquatic plants to abiotic factors: a review
Response of aquatic plants to abiotic factors: a review
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DOI：
10.1007/s00027-010-0162-7
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Puijalon, Sara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bornette, Gudrun;Puijalon, Sara
本文综述了水生生境的环境特征如何影响水生植物的物种发生、生活史特征和群落动态，以及这些特殊的适应和响应是否符合非生物因子和植物群落的一般预测。水生生境中的关键非生物因子影响（1）植物生命（招聘，生长和繁殖）和扩散的方式，以及（2）植物群落的动态进行了讨论。与植物营养有关的许多因素在水生和陆生生境中相当相似（例如光、温度、基质营养含量、CO2可用性），或在强度（例如光）、变化（例如温度）或其对植物生长的有效重要性（例如基质和水中的营养含量）方面有显著差异。水运动（水位波动或流速）对植物有特别严重的后果，因为水的密度导致植物组织上的强烈机械应变，并且因为脱水导致缺乏角质层和支持组织的水生植物的灾难性栖息地改变。一些影响水生植物的非生物因素，如基质缺氧，无机碳的可用性或温度，可能会受到全球变化的影响。这反过来又可能放大竞争过程，并最终导致浮游植物和漂浮物种的统治地位。保护水生植物的多样性将取决于它们适应新生态条件或通过迁移逃离的能力。
This review aims to determine how environmental characteristics of aquatic habitats rule species occurrence, life-history traits and community dynamics among aquatic plants, and if these particular adaptations and responses fit in with general predictions relating to abiotic factors and plant communities. The way key abiotic factors in aquatic habitats affect (1) plant life (recruitment, growth, and reproduction) and dispersal, and (2) the dynamics of plant communities is discussed. Many factors related to plant nutrition are rather similar in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats (e.g. light, temperature, substrate nutrient content, CO2 availability) or differ markedly in intensity (e.g. light), variations (e.g. temperature) or in their effective importance for plant growth (e.g. nutrient content in substrate and water). Water movements (water-table fluctuations or flow velocity) have particularly drastic consequences on plants because of the density of water leading to strong mechanical strains on plant tissues, and because dewatering leads to catastrophic habitat modifications for aquatic plants devoid of cuticle and support tissues. Several abiotic factors that affect aquatic plants, such as substrate anoxia, inorganic carbon availability or temperature, may be modified by global change. This in turn may amplify competitive processes, and lead ultimately to the dominance of phytoplankton and floating species. Conserving the diversity of aquatic plants will rely on their ability to adapt to new ecological conditions or escape through migration.