Laboratory and epidemiologic evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay for antibodies to HTLV-III.
Laboratory and epidemiologic evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay for antibodies to HTLV-III.
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HTLV-III 抗体酶联免疫分析的实验室和流行病学评估。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Allen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Ward;A. Grindon;P. Feorino;C. Schable;M. Parvin;J. Allen
人类T细胞嗜淋巴细胞病毒III型（HTLV-III）抗体的酶联免疫分析（EIA）被迅速用于筛查捐献的血液和血浆。为了评估阳性 EIA 反应的重要性，在血库筛查计划中检查了测试性能。通过 EIA、蛋白质印迹测定和 HTLV-III/淋巴结病相关病毒 (LAV) 培养对样本进行测试。 67 190 次献血中有 0.25% 的 EIA 呈阳性。对样本进行分类，57.3% 具有低（弱）反应性，12.7% 具有中等反应性，30.0% 具有高反应性。与中度和弱反应性标本（1.9%）相比，高反应性标本与蛋白质印迹或培养阳性（86.7%）密切相关。接受高反应性 EIA 采访的 29 名捐赠者中，有 25 名存在 HTLV-III/LAV 感染的危险因素。在 75 名接受采访的样本反应性较低的捐献者中，有 74 名未发现危险因素。计算得出的最小特异性为 99.82%。 HTLV-III EIA 的使用实际上消除了使用 HTLV-III/LAV 感染供体的血液和血浆。
The enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) for antibody to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) were rapidly adopted for screening donated blood and plasma. To evaluate the significance of a positive EIA reaction, test performance was examined in a blood bank screening program. Specimens were tested by EIA, Western blot assay, and HTLV-III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) culture. The EIA was positive in 0.25% of 67 190 blood donations. Specimens were categorized and 57.3% had low (weak) reactivity, 12.7% had moderate reactivity, and 30.0% had high reactivity. Highly reactive specimens were strongly associated with a positive Western blot or culture (86.7%) in contrast to moderately and weakly reactive specimens (1.9%). Twenty-five of 29 donors interviewed with a highly reactive EIA had risk factors for HTLV-III/LAV infection. Risk factors were not identified for 74 of 75 interviewed donors with specimens of lower reactivity. The minimum calculated specificity was 99.82%. The use of the HTLV-III EIA has virtually eliminated the use of blood and plasma from HTLV-III/LAV infected donors.