Assessing the robustness and optimality of alternative decision rules with varying assumptions
Assessing the robustness and optimality of alternative decision rules with varying assumptions
复制标题
使用不同的假设评估替代决策规则的稳健性和最优性
DOI：
10.1006/anbe.2001.1979
复制
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Barney Luttbeg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barney Luttbeg
摘要关于个体如何评估和选择选项，如配偶和领地，已经提出了几种替代决策规则。其中三个规则是阈值规则，其中个人选择第一个超过预设质量水平的选项；n中最佳规则，个人评估固定数量的选项，然后从这些选项中选择最好的；以及比较贝叶斯规则，其中个人使用对选项的估计来选择性地评估和选择选项。以前的结论是，当评估成本不是微不足道的时候，门槛规则产生的平均适合度高于n中最优规则。然而，以前的比较假设时间和期权是无限的，个体可以在没有不确定性或错误的情况下估计期权质量的分布，并且个体获得关于被评估期权质量的完美信息。我发现，尽管评估成本很高，但当选择一个选项的时间有限时，当个人从一小群选项中进行选择时，当对选项质量分布的估计容易出错时，以及当选项质量分布存在不确定性时，n中最佳规则产生的平均适合度高于阈值规则。我还发现，当时间或选项有限，以及个人收到有关评估选项质量的不完全信息时，比较贝叶斯规则产生的平均适合度高于阈值规则和n中最优规则。因此，替代决策规则的最优性不仅取决于评估成本的大小，还取决于以前的经验研究的结论，这些结论假设这种情况需要重新审查。版权所有2002年，动物行为研究协会。爱思唯尔科学有限公司出版。版权所有。
Abstract Several alternative decision rules have been proposed for how individuals assess and choose options, such as mates and territories. Three of these rules are the threshold rule, where individuals choose the first option that exceeds a preset level of quality, the best-of- n rule, where individuals assess a fixed number of options and then choose the best of those options, and the comparative Bayes rule, where individuals use estimates of options to selectively assess and choose options. It has been previously concluded that the threshold rule produces higher average fitness than the best-of- n rule when assessment costs are not trivial. However, previous comparisons assumed that time and options are infinite, individuals can estimate the distribution of option quality without uncertainty or mistakes, and individuals receive perfect information about the quality of assessed options. I found that the best-of- n rule produces higher average fitness than the threshold rule despite significant assessment costs, when time for choosing an option is limited, when individuals are choosing from a small pool of options, when estimates of the distribution of option quality are error-prone, and when there is uncertainty about the distribution of option quality. I also found that the comparative Bayes rule produces higher average fitness than the threshold and best-of-n rules when time or options are limited and when individuals receive imperfect information about the quality of assessed options. Therefore, the optimality of alternative decision rules depends on more than the size of assessment costs and the previous conclusions of empirical studies that have assumed such need to be re-examined. Copyright 2002 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved .