Biodiversity loss along a gradient of deforestation in Amazonian agricultural landscapes
Biodiversity loss along a gradient of deforestation in Amazonian agricultural landscapes
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DOI：
10.1111/cobi.13206
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Lavelle, Patrick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Decaens, Thibaud;Martins, Marlucia B.;Lavelle, Patrick
评估除了保护区之外，对农业景观的管理在多大程度上可以抵消热带地区生物多样性的侵蚀，这是保护的一个核心问题，仍然需要进行跨分类和大规模的研究。我们测量了亚马逊森林砍伐和随后的土地利用集约化的影响，在6个农业领域（景观尺度），在那里我们采样植物和4个动物群体（鸟类，蚯蚓，果蝇和飞蛾）。我们评估了土地利用集约化的综合指数的基础上景观指标（总面积和土地利用的相对百分比，边缘密度，平均斑块密度和多样性，分形结构在5个日期，1990年至2007年）。物种丰富度持续下降，农业集约化的增加，尽管采样组的响应略有差异。在全球范围内，在中度砍伐森林的景观中，物种丰富度相对稳定，在生物多样性丧失的沿着梯度中有一个明显的阈值，主要与森林覆盖率和质量下降有关。我们的研究结果表明，高质量森林覆盖面积超过40%的人为景观可以防止亚马逊河流域生物多样性的丧失。
Assessing how much management of agricultural landscapes, in addition to protected areas, can offset biodiversity erosion in the tropics is a central issue for conservation that still requires cross-taxonomic and landscape-scale studies. We measured the effects of Amazonia deforestation and subsequent land-use intensification in 6 agricultural areas (landscape scale), where we sampled plants and 4 animal groups (birds, earthworms, fruit flies, and moths). We assessed land-use intensification with a synthetic index based on landscape metrics (total area and relative percentages of land uses, edge density, mean patch density and diversity, and fractal structures at 5 dates from 1990 to 2007). Species richness decreased consistently as agricultural intensification increased despite slight differences in the responses of sampled groups. Globally, in moderately deforested landscapes species richness was relatively stable, and there was a clear threshold in biodiversity loss midway along the intensification gradient, mainly linked to a drop in forest cover and quality. Our results suggest anthropogenic landscapes with high-quality forest covering >40 % of the surface area may prevent biodiversity loss in Amazonia.