Neural correlates of eating disorders: translational potential.
Neural correlates of eating disorders: translational potential.
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DOI：
10.2147/nan.s76699
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Smith W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McAdams CJ;Smith W
饮食失调是一种复杂而严重的精神疾病，其病因包括心理、生物和社会因素。饮食失调的治疗具有挑战性，因为很少有基于证据的治疗方法，而且对导致持续康复的机制的理解有限。在过去的20年里，我们已经开始识别在饮食失调中发生改变的神经通路。考虑这些途径是如何导致饮食失调的，可以提供对治疗的预期反应的理解。饮食失调行为包括限制性饮食、强迫性暴饮暴食和餐后排便行为。饮食失调与许多神经系统的变化有关。在这篇有针对性的综述中，我们重点研究了与进食障碍受试者的神经回路差异相关的三个认知过程，如奖励、决策和社会行为。我们简要地研究了这些系统在健康人中的功能，使用Neurosynth荟萃分析来确定这些回路中通常涉及的关键区域。我们回顾了饮食失调中这些区域和系统紊乱的证据。最后，我们描述了可能通过影响这些区域发挥作用的精神病学和心理学治疗。
Eating disorders are complex and serious psychiatric illnesses whose etiology includes psychological, biological, and social factors. Treatment of eating disorders is challenging as there are few evidence-based treatments and limited understanding of the mechanisms that result in sustained recovery. In the last 20 years, we have begun to identify neural pathways that are altered in eating disorders. Consideration of how these pathways may contribute to an eating disorder can provide an understanding of expected responses to treatments. Eating disorder behaviors include restrictive eating, compulsive overeating, and purging behaviors after eating. Eating disorders are associated with changes in many neural systems. In this targeted review, we focus on three cognitive processes associated with neurocircuitry differences in subjects with eating disorders such as reward, decision-making, and social behavior. We briefly examine how each of these systems function in healthy people, using Neurosynth meta-analysis to identify key regions commonly implicated in these circuits. We review the evidence for disruptions of these regions and systems in eating disorders. Finally, we describe psychiatric and psychological treatments that are likely to function by impacting these regions.