Occurrence of fungicide resistance in populations of Botryotinia fuckeliana (Botrytis cinerea) on table grape and strawberry in southern Italy
Occurrence of fungicide resistance in populations of Botryotinia fuckeliana (Botrytis cinerea) on table grape and strawberry in southern Italy
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DOI：
10.1002/ps.3711
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Faretra, Francesco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Angelini, Rita Milvia De Miccolis;Rotolo, Caterina;Faretra, Francesco
背景贵氏葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)是一种对杀菌剂产生抗性的高风险的病原体。 2008-2011 年期间，对来自意大利南部鲜食葡萄葡萄园和温室种植的草莓的 B.fukeliana 种群的杀菌剂抗性进行了监测。结果在经过 AP 强化处理的田地（4-7 个喷施季节（-1））中，高频率（高达 98%）检测到对苯胺嘧啶（AP）表现出不同水平抗性的菌株。通常在较低频率下发现对咯菌腈的敏感性略有下降，并且总是与 AP 抗性结合在一起。在葡萄树上重复使用环己酰胺（3-8个喷洒季节(-1)）导致了高抗性分离株的强烈选择（高达100%）。啶酰菌胺抗性突变体的检测频率差异很大（0-73%）。还确定了对醌外部抑制剂（QoIs）的耐药性的出现。经常恢复对 2-6 种不同作用模式的多种杀菌剂抗性。靶基因Erg27、SdhB和cytb中的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)分别与芬菌胺、啶酰菌胺和QoIs的抗性相关。结论意大利南部对鲜食葡萄和草莓灰霉病常用杀菌剂的抗性相当普遍。这是错误使用杀菌剂的结果，通常是因为大型国际零售商对植物保护产品的可检测残留量规定了最大数量，并强调了抗抗性策略在害虫综合治理中的关键作用。 (c) 2013年化学工业学会
BACKGROUNDBotryotinia fuckeliana (Botrytis cinerea) is a pathogen with a high risk of development of resistance to fungicides. Fungicide resistance was monitored during 2008-2011 in B. fuckeliana populations from both table-grape vineyards and greenhouse-grown strawberries in southern Italy.RESULTSIsolates showing different levels of resistance to anilinopyrimidines (APs) were detected at high frequency (up to 98%) in fields treated intensively with APs (4-7 sprays season(-1)). A slight decrease in sensitivity to fludioxonil, always combined with AP resistance, was generally found at lower frequencies. The repeated use of fenhexamid on grapevine (3-8 sprays season(-1)) led to a strong selection of highly resistant isolates (up to 100%). Boscalid-resistant mutants were detected at very variable frequencies (0-73%). Occurrence of resistance to quinone outside inhibitors (QoIs) was also ascertained. Multiple fungicide resistance to 2-6 different modes of action were frequently recovered. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the target genes Erg27, SdhB and cytb were associated with resistance to fenehexamid, boscalid and QoIs respectively.CONCLUSIONResistance to the fungicides commonly used against grey mould on table grape and strawberry is quite common in southern Italy. This is an outcome of the incorrect use of fungicides, often because of the maximum number of detectable residues of plant protection products imposed by big international retailers, and underlines the crucial role of antiresistance strategies in integrated pest management. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry