Moonlighting proteins - nature's Swiss army knives
Moonlighting proteins - nature's Swiss army knives
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DOI：
10.3184/003685017x15063357842574
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发表时间：
2017-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Jeffery, Constance J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jeffery, Constance J.
人体是一个复杂的生物机器，拥有数十亿个细胞和大量的生化过程，但我们的基因组只包含22，000个蛋白质编码基因。兼职蛋白质提供了一种增加细胞活动数量的方法。兼职蛋白质在一条多肽链内表现出多于一种生理学相关的生物化学或生物物理功能。目前已经鉴定出300多种兼职蛋白质，其中包括一组具有多种功能的蛋白质。本文讨论了兼职蛋白质的例子，一个蛋白质结构如何执行两种不同的功能，以及如何调节多种功能。除了更多地了解我们的蛋白质做什么以及它们如何在我们体内复杂的多层相互作用网络和过程中共同工作外，对兼职蛋白质的研究还可以为未来的合成生物学项目提供信息，使蛋白质具有新的功能和新的功能组合，例如，合成新材料，将药物输送到细胞中，以及生物修复。
The human body is a complex biological machine with billions of cells and vast numbers of biochemical processes - but our genome only contains 22,000 protein-encoding genes. Moonlighting proteins provide one way to increase the number of cellular activities. Moonlighting proteins exhibit more than one physiologically relevant biochemical or biophysical function within one polypeptide chain. Already more than 300 moonlighting proteins have been identified, and they include a diverse set of proteins with a large variety of functions. This article discusses examples of moonlighting proteins, how one protein structure can perform two different functions, and how the multiple functions can be regulated. In addition to learning more about what our proteins do and how they work together in complex multilayered interaction networks and processes in our bodies, the study of moonlighting proteins can inform future synthetic biology projects in making proteins that perform new functions and new combinations of functions, for example, for synthesising new materials, delivering drugs into cells, and in bioremediation.