Metal contamination of surface water, sediment and Tympanotonus fuscatus var. radula of Iko River and environmental impact due to Utapete gas flare station, Nigeria
Metal contamination of surface water, sediment and Tympanotonus fuscatus var. radula of Iko River and environmental impact due to Utapete gas flare station, Nigeria
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DOI：
10.1007/s10669-007-9127-3
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Etesin, Usoro M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Benson, Nsikak U.;Etesin, Usoro M.
地表水、沉积物和黑胸鼓膜重金属负荷的跨季节研究。在2003年和2004年之间进行了Iko河的radula。人类活动尤其是工业废水、石油相关废物、天然气燃烧和偶发性溢油对生态系统的影响是显著的。分析的痕量金属包括镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）、铜（Cu）、铁（Fe）、铅（Pb）、锰（Mn）、镍（Ni）、钒（V）和锌（Zn）。沉积物粒度分析表明，它们具有砂质的特征，主要是中至细粒砂（> 73%），粉砂（< 15%）和粘土（< 10%）较少。这些结果与低水平的微量元素，如铅（0.03 +/- 0.02 mg kg（-1）），铬沉积物样品中Cd（0.05 +/- 0.03 mg kg（-1））、Cu（0.04 +/- 0.02 mg kg（-1））和Mn（0.23 +/- 0.22 mg kg（-1））。这一观察结果与已知作为金属和有机污染物良好清除剂的粘土材料的稀缺性相一致。沉积物表明铁、镍和钒的浓度增加，而其他金属水平相对较低。地表水中除Pb外，其他重金属的含量均在允许范围内，表明石油类污染物对伊古河中微量金属污染状况的影响很小。沉积物中的污染物浓度明显高于地表水和T。fuscatus组织，并降低与点源污染的距离。
Inter-seasonal studies on the trace metal load of surface water, sediment and Tympanotonus fuscatus var. radula of Iko River were conducted between 2003 and 2004. The impact of anthropogenic activities especially industrial effluent, petroleum related wastes, gas flare and episodic oil spills on the ecosystem are remarkable. Trace metals analyzed included cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn). Sediment particle size analysis revealed that they were characteristically psammitic and were predominantly of medium to fine grained sand (> 73%), less of silt (< 15%) and clay (< 10%). These results correlated with low levels of trace elements such as Pb (0.03 +/- 0.02 mg kg(-1)), Cr (0.22 +/- 0.12 mg kg(-1)), Cd (0.05 +/- 0.03 mg kg(-1)), Cu (0.04 +/- 0.02 mg kg(-1)) and Mn (0.23 +/- 0.22 mg kg(-1))in the sediment samples. This observation is consistent with the scarcity of clayey materials known to be good scavengers for metallic and organic contaminants. Sediments indicated enhanced concentration of Fe, Ni and V, while other metal levels were relatively low. The concentrations of all the metals except Pb in surface water were within the permissible levels, suggesting that the petroleum contaminants had minimal effect on the state of pollution by trace metals in Iko River. Notably, the pollutant concentrations in the sediments were markedly higher than the corresponding concentrations in surface water and T. fuscatus tissues, and decreased with distance from point sources of pollution.