Measuring attention using the Posner cuing paradigm: the role of across and within trial target probabilities
Measuring attention using the Posner cuing paradigm: the role of across and within trial target probabilities
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2013.00205
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发表时间：
2013-05-17
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Ristic, Jelena
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hayward, Dana A.;Ristic, Jelena
近几十年来，大量的研究利用波斯纳线索范式来引出、测量和理论表征注意定向。然而，最近的研究数据表明，波斯纳线索任务可能无法提供明确的注意力测量，因为已经发现反射性空间定向与任务典型结构所涉及的无关过程相互作用，即，目标在试验中出现的概率，这影响紧张性警觉，以及目标在试验中出现的概率，这影响自愿时间准备。为了了解这两个过程中的每一个的注意定向的测量的贡献，我们评估了他们的个人和组合的影响引起的反射性注意的空间非预测性周边线索。我们的研究结果表明，空间定向的幅度调制的联合变化的全球概率的目标存在的试验和试验内的目标存在的局部概率，而空间定向的时间过程是容易受到的变化的概率的目标存在的试验。因此，这些数据提出了重要的问题，在波斯纳线索范式的任务参数的选择和它们的作用，在测量和理论归因的观察到的注意力的影响。
Numerous studies conducted within the recent decades have utilized the Posner cuing paradigm for eliciting, measuring, and theoretically characterizing attentional orienting. However, the data from recent studies suggest that the Posner cuing task might not provide an unambiguous measure of attention, as reflexive spatial orienting has been found to interact with extraneous processes engaged by the task's typical structure, i.e., the probability of target presence across trials, which affects tonic alertness, and the probability of target presence within trials, which affects voluntary temporal preparation. To understand the contribution of each of these two processes to the measurement of attentional orienting we assessed their individual and combined effects on reflexive attention elicited by a spatially nonpredictive peripheral cue. Our results revealed that the magnitude of spatial orienting was modulated by joint changes in the global probability of target presence across trials and the local probability of target presence within trials, while the time course of spatial orienting was susceptible to changes in the probability of target presence across trials. These data thus raise important questions about the choice of task parameters within the Posner cuing paradigm and their role in both the measurement and theoretical attributions of the observed attentional effects.