An update on the assessment of osteoporosis using radiologic techniques
An update on the assessment of osteoporosis using radiologic techniques
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DOI：
10.1007/s00330-006-0511-z
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Karantanas, Apostolos H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Damilakis, John;Maris, Thomas G.;Karantanas, Apostolos H.
本文对目前评价骨质疏松的放射学技术进行综述。使用双能X线吸收测定法（DXA）进行骨骼密度测量在临床上适用于骨质疏松症的评估和治疗的评价。DXA是用于识别骨质疏松症患者的最广泛使用的技术。定量计算机断层扫描（QCT）是唯一的方法，它提供了体积密度。与DXA不同，QCT允许选择性小梁测量，对脊柱退行性疾病的敏感性较低。结合骨密度分析骨结构是骨质疏松症评估的一个令人兴奋的新领域。高分辨率多层螺旋CT和显微CT是评估骨微结构的有用工具。越来越多的文献表明，定量超声（QUS）技术能够评估骨折风险。尽管QUS的易用性和无电离辐射使其具有吸引力，但QUS技术在临床实践中的具体作用需要进一步确定。过去几年，用于评估骨质疏松症的MR技术的开发取得了长足的进展。除了弛豫技术，高分辨率MR成像，扩散MR成像和体内MR波谱可以用来量化骨小梁结构和矿物质成分。
In this article, the currently available radiologic techniques for assessing osteoporosis are reviewed. Density measurements of the skeleton using dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) are clinically indicated for the assessment of osteoporosis and for the evaluation of therapies. DXA is the most widely used technique for identifying patients with osteoporosis. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) is the only method, which provides a volumetric density. Unlike DXA, QCT allows for selective trabecular measurement and is less sensitive to degenerative diseases of the spine. The analysis of bone structure in conjunction with bone density is an exciting new field in the assessment of osteoporosis. High-resolution multi-slice CT and micro-CT are useful tools for the assessment of bone microarchitecture. A growing literature indicates that quantitative ultrasound (QUS) techniques are capable of assessing fracture risk. Although the ease of use and the absence of ionizing radiation make QUS attractive, the specific role of QUS techniques in clinical practice needs further determination. Considerable progress has been made in the development of MR techniques for assessing osteoporosis during the last few years. In addition to relaxometry techniques, high-resolution MR imaging, diffusion MR imaging and in-vivo MR spectroscopy may be used to quantify trabecular bone architecture and mineral composition.