Mitochondrial diversity in European and Chinese pigs is consistent with population expansions that occurred prior to domestication
Mitochondrial diversity in European and Chinese pigs is consistent with population expansions that occurred prior to domestication
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2006.3514
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发表时间：
2006-07-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Andersson, Leif
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fang, Meiying;Andersson, Leif
利用来自45个欧洲猪种和21个中国猪种的1536个样本，对欧洲猪和亚洲猪的线粒体DNA（mtDNA）多样性进行了分析。采用焦磷酸测序法对欧洲人和亚洲人mtDNA变异体细胞色素B（CytB）基因的核苷酸差异进行快速筛查。随后，637 bp的高变控制区进行测序，以进一步表征mtDNA的多样性。所有序列分别属于来自欧洲和亚洲野猪祖先群体的猪mtDNA D1和D2簇。亚洲mtDNA单倍型的平均频率在欧洲品种中为29%，但在个别品种中从0到100%不等。控制区序列的邻接（NJ）树表明，欧洲和亚洲单倍型形成不同的集群与亚洲和欧洲的猪的独立驯化一致。在欧洲猪中发现的亚洲单倍型与在中国东南部家猪中发现的亚洲单倍型相同或密切相关。通过网络分析检测到的欧洲和亚洲单倍型的星形模式与以前的人口扩张是一致的。错配分析支持这一观点，并认为扩张是在驯化之前开始的。
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity in European and Asian pigs was assessed using 1536 samples representing 45 European and 21 Chinese breeds. Diagnostic nucleotide differences in the cytochrome b (Cytb) gene between the European and Asian mtDNA variants were determined by pyrosequencing as a rapid screening method. Subsequently, 637 bp of the hypervariable control region was sequenced to further characterize mtDNA diversity. All sequences belonged to the D1 and D2 clusters of pig mtDNA originating from ancestral wild boar populations in Europe and Asia, respectively. The average frequency of Asian mtDNA haplotypes was 29% across European breeds, but varied from 0 to 100% within individual breeds. A neighbour-joining (NJ) tree of control region sequences showed that European and Asian haplotypes form distinct clusters consistent with the independent domestication of pigs in Asia and Europe. The Asian haplotypes found in the European pigs were identical or closely related to those found in domestic pigs from Southeast China. The star-like pattern detected by network analysis for both the European and Asian haplotypes was consistent with a previous demographic expansion. Mismatch analysis supported this notion and suggested that the expansion was initiated before domestication.