A meta-analytic review of prospective memory and aging
A meta-analytic review of prospective memory and aging
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.19.1.27
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发表时间：
2004-03-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Crawford, JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henry, JD;MacLeod, MS;Crawford, JR
对前瞻性记忆 (PM) 研究的荟萃分析显示，在实验室环境中，年轻参与者在基于时间和基于事件的 PM 测试中的表现均优于年长参与者（rs 分别为 -.39 和 -.34）。与由相对更自动化的流程支持的基于事件的 PM 任务相比，施加更高水平的受控战略需求的基于事件的 PM 任务与显着更大的年龄影响相关（分别为 rs = -.40 和 -.14）。然而，与文献中的普遍观点相反，通过自由回忆测量的回顾性记忆与 PM 相比，与年龄相关的记忆衰退 (r = -.52) 显着相关，并且在自然主义 PM 研究中，老年参与者的表现明显优于年轻参与者（基于事件和时间的 PM 分别为 rs = .35 和 0.52）。
A meta-analysis of prospective memory (PM) studies revealed that in laboratory settings younger participants outperform older participants on tests of both time- and event-based PM (rs = -.39 and -.34, respectively). Event-based PM tasks that impose higher levels of controlled strategic demand are associated with significantly larger age effects than event-based PM tasks that are supported by relatively more automatic processes (rs = -.40 vs. -.14, respectively). However, contrary to the prevailing view in the literature, retrospective memory as measured by free recall is associated with significantly greater age-related decline (r = -.52) than PM, and older participants perform substantially better than their younger counterparts in naturalistic PM studies (rs = .35 and .52 for event- and time-based PM, respectively).