Experiments with High Velocity Positive Ions. (I) Further Developments in the Method of Obtaining High Velocity Positive Ions
Experiments with High Velocity Positive Ions. (I) Further Developments in the Method of Obtaining High Velocity Positive Ions
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DOI：
10.1098/rspa.1932.0107
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发表时间：
1932-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Cockcroft;E. T. S. Walton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Cockcroft;E. T. S. Walton
在以前的通信中，我们描述了一种获得能量高达300千伏的氢正离子的方法的发展。建立了一个整流器系统，它允许获得这种顺序的稳定电位，并制定了从氢放电管中加速正离子所需的方法。利用这种装置，人们进行了研究，以确定质子和氢分子离子对物质的撞击是否会产生任何强度可观的X射线或γ射线。人们发现，当排除所有的次级效应时，如果产生任何这样的辐射，其强度与实验的误差极限相当，并且在强度上肯定不会大于由相同能量的相等电子源产生的连续X辐射强度的百万分之一。由于任何辐射的强度都将随着离子能量的增加而迅速增加，因此很明显，为了获得感兴趣的结果，有必要将工作领域扩展到更高的电压。在本实验中使用的方法是在以前的文件中所描述的扩展。一种高压电源已经研制成功，它采用了电子整流器和电容器，能够产生800，000伏的稳定电位。这个电势被施加到一个实验管上，沿着这个实验管的轴线，来自氢管射线管的质子被加速。质子可以通过云母窗传输到实验室中。到目前为止，我们已经能够产生能量高达710千伏的质子并进行实验，似乎没有理由怀疑这种方法将允许这个范围大大扩展。
In a previous communication we described the development of a method of obtaining positive ions of hydrogen with energies up to 300 kilovolts. A system of rectifiers was built which allowed steady potentials of this order to be obtained, and the methods necessary for the acceleration of positive ions from a hydrogen discharge tube were worked out. With this apparatus, investigations were made to determine whether any X-radiations or γ-radiations of appreciable intensity were produced by the impact of protons and molecular ions of hydrogen on matter. It was found, when all secondary effects were excluded, that if any such radiation is produced its intensity was comparable with the limits of error of the experiment, and was certainly not greater in intensity than one-millionth of the intensity of the continuous X-radiation which would have been produced by an equal electron source of the same energy. Since the intensity of any radiation would be expected to increase rapidly with the energy of the ions it became apparent that to obtain results of interest it would be necessary to extend the field of the work to higher voltages. The method used in the present experiments is an extension of that described in the previous paper. A source of high voltage has been developed, using thermionic rectifiers and condensers, which is capable of producing 800,000 volts steady potential. This potential is applied to an experimental tube down the axis of which protons from a hydrogen canal ray tube are accelerated. The protons can be transmitted through a mica window into an experimental chamber. Up to the present we have been able to produce and carry out experiments with protons having energies up to 710 kilovolts, and there seems no reason to doubt that the method will allow of this range being extended considerably.