What Is the Biological and Clinical Relevance of Fibrin?
What Is the Biological and Clinical Relevance of Fibrin?
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DOI：
10.1055/s-0036-1571342
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Weisel, John W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Litvinov, Rustem I.;Weisel, John W.
[4]随着我们对纤维蛋白原和纤维蛋白的结构和功能的了解大大增加，一些关键的发现给了一些人一种肤浅的印象，即这些凝血蛋白的生物学和临床意义可能比以前认为的要小。最引人注目的是，对纤维蛋白原敲除小鼠的研究表明，这些小鼠中的许多存活到断奶及以后，这表明纤维蛋白（原）可能不是完全必要的。患有无纤维蛋白原血症的人也能存活。此外，近年来，动脉血栓形成治疗的主要重点是抑制血小板，而不是纤维蛋白。与这些结果最初明显的结论相反，越来越清楚的是，纤维蛋白是止血所必需的;是血栓形成的关键因素;在感染、炎症、免疫学和伤口愈合中起着重要的生物学作用。此外，纤维蛋白原替代疗法已成为创伤和手术中严重出血的首选主要治疗方法。最后，纤维蛋白是一种独特的生物材料，可用作密封剂或胶水、细胞基质、组织工程支架以及靶向药物递送的载体和/或载体。
d As our knowledge of the structure and functions of fibrinogen and fibrin has increased tremendously, several key findings have given some people a superficial impression that the biological and clinical significance of these clotting proteins may be less than earlier thought. Most strikingly, studies of fibrinogen knockout mice demonstrated that many of these mice survive to weaning and beyond, suggesting that fibrin(ogen) may not be entirely necessary. Humans with afibrinogenemia also survive. Furthermore, in recent years, the major emphasis in the treatment of arterial thrombosis has been on inhibition of platelets, rather than fibrin. In contrast to the initially apparent conclusions from these results, it has become increasingly clear that fibrin is essential for hemostasis; is a key factor in thrombosis; and plays an important biological role in infection, inflammation, immunology, and wound healing. In addition, fibrinogen replacement therapy has become a preferred, major treatment for severe bleeding in trauma and surgery. Finally, fibrin is a unique biomaterial and is used as a sealant or glue, a matrix for cells, a scaffold for tissue engineering, and a carrier and/or a vector for targeted drug delivery.