Adhesion and collisional release of particles in dense planetary rings

Adhesion and collisional release of particles in dense planetary rings
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致密行星环中粒子的粘附和碰撞释放

DOI:
10.1016/j.icarus.2011.11.011
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
N. V. Brilliantov
N. V. Brilliantov
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
A. Bodrova;J. Schmidt;F. Spahn;N. V. Brilliantov

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我们提出了一个简单的理论模型,在土星致密环的聚集和碎裂碰撞。在这个模型中,环物质由双峰尺寸分布组成:大的(米大小的)巨石和一群较小的颗粒(几十厘米到灰尘)。小颗粒可能会粘在巨石上,并在其载体的二元碰撞中作为碎片释放出来。为了量化粘附力,我们使用JKR理论(约翰逊,K.,Kendall,K.,罗伯茨,A. [1971年]。程序R。长索克A 324,301-313)。根据载体和碎片颗粒的材料参数、尺寸和合理的速度分散,计算颗粒的释放和吸附速率。在稳定状态下,我们得到一个表达式的自由碎片的量相对于仍然附着在载体的分数。根据这个概念上简单的模型,土星环中缺乏亚厘米级的粒子(French,R.G.,尼科尔森警察局[2000年]。Icarus 145,502-523; Marouf,E.等人[2008]。“卡西尼-惠更斯之后的土星”专题讨论会的摘要,英国帝国理工学院伦敦,7月28日至8月1日,第113页)可以理解为减小颗粒尺寸的粘附强度(相对于惯性力)增加的结果。在这种情况下,小于某个临界半径的颗粒仍然紧紧地附着在较大的巨石表面,即使巨石以其典型的速度碰撞。此外,我们发现,已经温和地增加的载体颗粒的速度分散可以显着提高自由碎片颗粒的分数,以这种方式增加系统的光学深度。
We propose a simple theoretical model for aggregative and fragmentative collisions in Saturn’s dense rings. In this model the ring matter consists of a bimodal size distribution: large (meter sized) boulders and a population of smaller particles (tens of centimeters down to dust). The small particles can adhesively stick to the boulders and can be released as debris in binary collisions of their carriers. To quantify the adhesion force we use the JKR theory (Johnson, K., Kendall, K., Roberts, A. [1971]. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 324, 301–313). The rates of release and adsorption of particles are calculated, depending on material parameters, sizes, and plausible velocity dispersions of carriers and debris particles. In steady state we obtain an expression for the amount of free debris relative to the fraction still attached to the carriers. In terms of this conceptually simple model a paucity of subcentimeter particles in Saturn’s rings (French, R.G., Nicholson, P.D. [2000]. Icarus 145, 502–523; Marouf, E. et al. [2008]. Abstracts for “Saturn after Cassini–Huygens” Symposium, Imperial College London, UK, July 28 to August 1, p. 113) can be understood as a consequence of the increasing strength of adhesion (relative to inertial forces) for decreasing particle size. In this case particles smaller than a certain critical radius remain tightly attached to the surfaces of larger boulders, even when the boulders collide at their typical speed. Furthermore, we find that already a mildly increased velocity dispersion of the carrier-particles may significantly enhance the fraction of free debris particles, in this way increasing the optical depth of the system.
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影响因子: 3.2
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DOI: --
发表时间: 1984
期刊: Science
影响因子: 56.9
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