WORKING MEMORY IMPAIRMENT AS AN ENDOPHENOTYPIC MARKER OF A SCHIZOPHRENIA DIATHESIS.
WORKING MEMORY IMPAIRMENT AS AN ENDOPHENOTYPIC MARKER OF A SCHIZOPHRENIA DIATHESIS.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scog.2014.09.005
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
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本综述重点关注工作记忆障碍作为精神分裂症素质内表型标志物的可行性。首先介绍工作记忆的构造。接下来考虑定义内表型的操作标准。根据被视为内表型标记物的标准，对有关精神分裂症和精神分裂症谱系患者、精神分裂症患者的一级亲属和健康对照的工作记忆表现的研究结果进行了审查。特别关注工作记忆缺陷的特定组成部分（即编码、维护和操作），因为这些方面可能是内表型的最佳候选。我们研究了有关双相情感障碍和重度抑郁症工作记忆表现的现有文献，以解决精神分裂症的相对特异性问题。尽管存在一些尚未解决的问题，但工作记忆障碍似乎是精神分裂症素质内表型标志物的一个非常有希望的候选者，但不适用于情绪障碍。在这篇综述中，我们确定了这个令人兴奋且充满活力的研究领域的未来研究方向，并评估了工作记忆研究对我们理解精神分裂症的贡献。
This review focuses on the viability of working memory impairment as an endophenotypic marker of a schizophrenia diathesis. It begins with an introduction of the construct of working memory. It follows with a consideration of the operational criteria for defining an endophenotype. Research findings regarding the working memory performance of schizophrenia and schizophrenia-spectrum patients, first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients and healthy controls, are reviewed in terms of the criteria for being considered an endophenotypic marker. Special attention is paid to specific components of the working memory deficit (namely, encoding, maintenance, and manipulation), in terms of which aspects are likely to be the best candidates for endophenotypes. We examine the extant literature regarding working memory performance in bipolar disorder and major depression in order to address the issue of relative specificity to schizophrenia. Despite some unresolved issues, it appears that working memory impairment is a very promising candidate for an endophenotypic marker of a schizophrenia diathesis but not for mood disorders. Throughout this review, we identify future directions for research in this exciting and dynamic area of research and evaluate the contribution of working memory research to our understanding of schizophrenia.