The use of verbal protocols as data: An analysis of insight in the candle problem
The use of verbal protocols as data: An analysis of insight in the candle problem
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03196876
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发表时间：
2004-09-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Weisberg, RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fleck, JI;Weisberg, RW
在本研究中，我们考察了使用口头协议作为数据在研究的认知过程中的洞察力。58名坦普尔大学的本科生试图解决Duncker（1945）的蜡烛问题，要么沉默，要么大声思考。解决率，解决时间和解决方案的类型之间的条件是可比的，这表明，口头遮蔽（Schools，Ohlsson，和布鲁克斯，1993年）没有发生时，参与者试图解决蜡烛的问题。随后对口头协议的分析提供了一个由参与者产生的解决方案目录，以及对僵局和重组发生的经验支持。虽然重组出现在大多数协议中，包括那些后来产生盒子解决方案的参与者，但僵局的出现频率较低，并且与盒子解决方案的产生无关。这些结果提供了有关如何解决蜡烛问题的信息，并建议，言语化可以用来检查个人如何解决顿悟问题，并评估现有的理论的洞察力。
In the present study, we examined the use of verbal protocols as data in the study of the cognitive processes underlying insight. Fifty-eight Temple University undergraduates attempted to solve Duncker's (1945) candle problem either silently or while thinking aloud. Solution rates, solving times, and solution types were comparable between conditions, suggesting that verbal overshadowing (Schooler, Ohlsson, & Brooks, 1993) did not occur when the participants attempted to solve the candle problem. Subsequent analysis of verbal protocols provided a catalogue of solutions generated by the participants, as well as empirical support for the occurrence of impasse and restructuring. Although restructuring was present in the majority of protocols, including those of the participants who later produced the box solution, the presence of impasse occurred with less frequency and was not associated with production of the box solution. These results provide information concerning how the candle problem is solved and suggest that verbalization can be used to examine how individuals solve insight problems and to evaluate existing theories of insight.