High-Q photonic nanocavity in a two-dimensional photonic crystal
High-Q photonic nanocavity in a two-dimensional photonic crystal
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DOI：
10.1038/nature02063
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发表时间：
2003-10-30
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Noda, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Akahane, Y;Asano, T;Noda, S
强限制光的光子腔在物理和工程的许多领域中得到应用，包括相干电子-光子相互作用（1）、超小滤波器（2，3）、低阈值激光器（4）、光子芯片（5）、非线性光学（6）和量子信息处理（7）。这些应用的关键是实现具有高品质因数Q和小模态体积V的腔。Q/V比决定了各种腔相互作用的强度，并且超小腔能够实现大规模集成和宽波长范围的单模操作。然而，光学波长尺寸的高Q腔难以制造，因为辐射损耗与腔尺寸成反比地增加。除了一些最近的理论研究（8-10），明确的理论和实验，创造高Q纳米腔尚未得到广泛的研究。在这里，我们使用硅基二维光子晶体板来制造Q = 45，000和V = 7.0 x 10（-14）cm（3）的纳米腔; Q/V的值比以前的研究大10-100倍（4，11 - 14）。这种发展的基础是认识到，光应该被轻轻地限制，以便被强烈地限制。与其他光子元件的集成是简单的，并且已经证明了100 nm的大自由光谱范围。
Photonic cavities that strongly confine light are finding applications in many areas of physics and engineering, including coherent electron - photon interactions(1), ultra-small filters(2,3), low-threshold lasers(4), photonic chips(5), nonlinear optics(6) and quantum information processing(7). Critical for these applications is the realization of a cavity with both high quality factor, Q, and small modal volume, V. The ratio Q/V determines the strength of the various cavity interactions, and an ultra-small cavity enables large-scale integration and single-mode operation for a broad range of wavelengths. However, a high-Q cavity of optical wavelength size is difficult to fabricate, as radiation loss increases in inverse proportion to cavity size. With the exception of a few recent theoretical studies(8-10), definitive theories and experiments for creating high-Q nanocavities have not been extensively investigated. Here we use a silicon-based two-dimensional photonic-crystal slab to fabricate a nanocavity with Q = 45,000 and V = 7.0 x 10(-14) cm(3); the value of Q/V is 10-100 times larger than in previous studies(4,11 - 14). Underlying this development is the realization that light should be confined gently in order to be confined strongly. Integration with other photonic elements is straightforward, and a large free spectral range of 100 nm has been demonstrated.