Economic value of ecosystem services, minerals and oil in a melting Arctic: A preliminary assessment

Economic value of ecosystem services, minerals and oil in a melting Arctic: A preliminary assessment
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融化的北极生态系统服务、矿物和石油的经济价值:初步评估

DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoser.2017.02.024
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
影响因子:
7.6
通讯作者:
O’Garra, Tanya
O’Garra, Tanya
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
O’Garra, Tanya

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北极地区由独特的海洋和陆地生态系统组成,为当地和全球人口提供一系列服务。然而,北极海冰正在以前所未有的速度融化,威胁到许多生态系统及其提供的服务。这份简短的信息通报初步评估了北极生态系统向北极地区和全球受益者提供的关键生态系统服务以及石油和矿产等地质资源的数量、分布和经济价值。利用现有研究的生物物理和经济数据,初步估计表明,北极目前每年在食物、矿产开采、石油生产、旅游、狩猎、生存价值和气候调节方面提供约2810亿美元(2016年美元)。然而,由于预测到2037年夏季将无冰,许多生态系统服务可能会丧失。我们希望这一信息通报能够促进决策者就北极地区提供的生态系统服务和矿产、石油等地质资源的价值,以及北极融化可能造成的生态系统损失进行讨论,从而推动在北极冰层完全消失之前作出维斯气候变化的决定。
The Arctic region is composed of unique marine and terrestrial ecosystems that provide a range of services to local and global populations. However, Arctic sea-ice is melting at an unprecedented rate, threatening many of these ecosystems and the services they provide. This short communication provides a preliminary assessment of the quantity, distribution and economic value of key ecosystem services as well as geological resources such as oil and minerals provided by Arctic ecosystems to beneficiaries in the Arctic region and globally. Using biophysical and economic data from existing studies, preliminary estimates indicate that the Arctic currently provides about $281 billion per year (in 2016 US$) in terms of food, mineral extraction, oil production, tourism, hunting, existence values and climate regulation. However, given predictions of ice-free summers by 2037, many of the ecosystem services may be lost. We hope that this communication stimulates discussion among policy-makers regarding the value of ecosystem services and such geological resources as minerals and oil provided by the Arctic region, and the potential ecosystem losses resulting from Arctic melt, so as to motivate decisions vis a vis climate change mitigation before Arctic ice disappears completely.
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