MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis and Theranostics in Prostate Cancer.
MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis and Theranostics in Prostate Cancer.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/ijms17030421
复制
发表时间：
2016-03-22
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Castiglioni I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bertoli G;Cava C;Castiglioni I
前列腺癌（PC）包括几种表型，从惰性到高度侵袭性癌症。实际的诊断和预后工具有一些局限性，需要新的生物标志物来对患者进行分层，并通过考虑潜在的遗传和表观遗传差异为他们分配最佳治疗方案。MicroRNAs （miRNAs）是非编码RNA的小序列，可调节参与PC发病和发展的特定基因。稳定的mirna已在生物体液中发现，如血清和血浆；因此，PC相关mirna的测量正在成为PC检测和监测的一种非侵入性工具。在本研究中，我们对可能有助于PC诊断和预后的mirna进行了深入的文献综述。本文讨论了mirna作为一种潜在的治疗工具在PC中的作用。使用荟萃分析方法，我们发现了一组29个具有诊断特性的mirna和一组7个具有预后特性的mirna，这些mirna已经在生物体液和PC组织中表达。我们使用机器学习方法在PC组织样本的癌症基因组图谱数据集上测试了两个miRNA组。我们的研究结果表明，这29种mirna应该被认为是诊断PC的潜在生物标志物，无论是作为体内无创测试还是体外确认测试。
Prostate cancer (PC) includes several phenotypes, from indolent to highly aggressive cancer. Actual diagnostic and prognostic tools have several limitations, and there is a need for new biomarkers to stratify patients and assign them optimal therapies by taking into account potential genetic and epigenetic differences. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small sequences of non-coding RNA regulating specific genes involved in the onset and development of PC. Stable miRNAs have been found in biofluids, such as serum and plasma; thus, the measurement of PC-associated miRNAs is emerging as a non-invasive tool for PC detection and monitoring. In this study, we conduct an in-depth literature review focusing on miRNAs that may contribute to the diagnosis and prognosis of PC. The role of miRNAs as a potential theranostic tool in PC is discussed. Using a meta-analysis approach, we found a group of 29 miRNAs with diagnostic properties and a group of seven miRNAs with prognostic properties, which were found already expressed in both biofluids and PC tissues. We tested the two miRNA groups on The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset of PC tissue samples with a machine-learning approach. Our results suggest that these 29 miRNAs should be considered as potential panel of biomarkers for the diagnosis of PC, both as in vivo non-invasive test and ex vivo confirmation test.