Benefits and potential trade-offs associated with yeast-like symbionts during virulence adaptation in a phloem-feeding planthopper
Benefits and potential trade-offs associated with yeast-like symbionts during virulence adaptation in a phloem-feeding planthopper
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DOI：
10.1111/eea.12556
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Ferrater, Jedeliza B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Horgan, Finbarr G.;Ferrater, Jedeliza B.
食草昆虫与多种原核和真核微生物形成共生。内共生体在宿主营养不良饮食（包括韧皮部）中的作用现在得到了大量证据的支持。此外，共生草食动物协会已被牵连在多个植物物种的寄主种族（主要是蚜虫）的取食偏好。然而，共生体在介导相同植物物种的品种之间的草食动物偏好的作用很少得到研究关注，尽管毒力适应抗性作物的影响。本研究以褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens（Stal）（半翅目：飞虱科）为研究对象，研究了类酵母共生菌（Yeast-like symbions，YLS）在不同水稻上选择的褐飞虱种群间的毒力适应和寄主植物转换中的作用。（禾本科）]品系对食草动物的抗性不同。稻飞虱健身（若虫重量）下降YLS密度通过热处理耗尽。然而，正常的共生稻飞虱相比，共生体的耗尽一般不会改变相对健身的稻飞虱（每个“适应”一个单一的纳塔尔主机）时，切换到一系列的水稻行（暴露主机）的饲料。在某些情况下，尽管YLS对各种宿主的密度反应存在差异，但仍发生了这种情况。此外，我们没有发现适应人群中与YLS相关的健身成本。因此，本研究的结果表明，而YLS是必要的，稻飞虱营养，YLS密度的变化在毒力适应和寄主植物切换褐飞虱的作用不大。
Insect herbivores form symbioses with a diversity of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms. A role for endosymbionts during host feeding on nutrient-poor diets - including phloem - is now supported by a large body of evidence. Furthermore, symbiont-herbivore associations have been implicated in feeding preferences by host races (mainly aphids) on multiple plant species. However, the role of symbionts in mediating herbivore preferences between varieties of the same plant species has received little research attention despite the implications for virulence adaptation to resistant crops. This study investigates the role of yeast-like symbionts (YLS) in virulence adaptation and host plant switching among populations of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), that were selected on various rice [Oryza sativa L. (Poaceae)] lines differing in their resistance against herbivores. Planthopper fitness (nymph weight) declined where YLS densities were depleted through heat treatment. However, compared to normal symbiotic planthoppers, the depletion of symbionts did not generally change the relative fitness of planthoppers (each 'adapted' to a single natal host) when switched to feed on a range of rice lines (exposed hosts). In some cases, this occurred despite differences in YLS density responses to the various hosts. Furthermore, we detected no fitness costs associated with YLS in adapted populations. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that, whereas YLS are essential for planthopper nutrition, changes in YLS density play little role during virulence adaptation and host plant switching by the brown planthopper.