Fluid leakage near the percolation threshold.
Fluid leakage near the percolation threshold.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep19513
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发表时间：
2016-02-03
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Müser MH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dapp WB;Müser MH
渗滤是一个广泛用于许多研究领域的概念，是指物质通过多孔介质的传播（例如，咖啡过滤），或者复杂网络的行为（例如，传播疾病）。逾渗理论认为，大多数演化过程都是普适的，也就是说，涌现的幂律只依赖于宏观系统的一般统计特征，而不依赖于随机实现的具体细节。相比之下，我们的计算机模拟泄漏通过一个密封应用弹性，接触力学和流体动力学的共同假设表明，临界行为（如何流动停止附近的密封点）完全取决于最后收缩的微观细节。仅仅从表面的统计特性来准确预测我们必须拧紧水龙头以使其停止滴水，以及一旦我们再次松开它，它将如何开始滴水，这似乎根本不可能。
Percolation is a concept widely used in many fields of research and refers to the propagation of substances through porous media (e.g., coffee filtering), or the behaviour of complex networks (e.g., spreading of diseases). Percolation theory asserts that most percolative processes are universal, that is, the emergent powerlaws only depend on the general, statistical features of the macroscopic system, but not on specific details of the random realisation. In contrast, our computer simulations of the leakage through a seal—applying common assumptions of elasticity, contact mechanics, and fluid dynamics—show that the critical behaviour (how the flow ceases near the sealing point) solely depends on the microscopic details of the last constriction. It appears fundamentally impossible to accurately predict from statistical properties of the surfaces alone how strongly we have to tighten a water tap to make it stop dripping and also how it starts dripping once we loosen it again.