An index of diet and eating patterns is a valid measure of diet quality in an Australian population
An index of diet and eating patterns is a valid measure of diet quality in an Australian population
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/138.1.86
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Mishra, Gita D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McNaughton, Sarah A.;Ball, Kylie;Mishra, Gita D.
饮食指数代表了一种评估饮食模式和行为的综合方法。本研究的目的是开发一个综合的以食物为基础的膳食指数，以反映对健康饮食建议的遵守情况，用营养素摄入量来评估该指数的结构效度，并评估该指数与社会人口因素、健康行为、危险因素和自我健康状况的关系。数据分析来自澳大利亚国家营养调查的成年参与者，他们完成了包含108个项目的FFQ和饮食习惯问卷(n=8220)。膳食指南指数(DGI)由15项反映膳食指南的项目组成，包括蔬菜和豆类、水果、全谷类、肉类和替代品、全奶类、饮料、钠、饱和脂肪、酒精饮料和添加糖的膳食指标。使用与全谷类谷物、瘦肉、低脂/低脂乳制品和饮食种类相关的指标纳入饮食质量。我们调查了DGI评分、社会人口学因素、健康行为、慢性病风险因素和营养摄入量之间的关系。我们发现DGI评分与性别、年龄、收入、地区水平的社会经济劣势、吸烟、体力活动、腰臀比、收缩压(仅限男性)和自评健康状况(仅限女性)有关(均P<；0.05)。DGI得分越高，能量、总脂肪和饱和脂肪的摄入量越低，纤维、β-胡萝卜素、维生素C、叶酸、钙和铁的摄入量越高(P<；0.05)。这个以食物为基础的饮食指数能够区分各种社会人口因素、健康行为和自我评估的健康，并反映关键营养素的摄入量。
Diet indices represent an integrated approach to assessing eating patterns and behaviors. The aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive food-based dietary index to reflect adherence to healthy eating recommendations, evaluate the construct validity of the index using nutrient intakes, and evaluate this index in relation to sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, risk factors, and self-assessed health status. Data were analyzed from adult participants of the Australian National Nutrition Survey who completed a 108-item FFQ and a food habits questionnaire (n = 8220). The dietary guideline index (DGI) consisted of 15 items reflecting the dietary guidelines, including dietary indicators of vegetables and legumes, fruit, total cereals, meat and alternatives, total dairy, beverages, sodium, saturated fat, alcoholic beverages, and added sugars. Diet quality was incorporated using indicators relating to whole-grain cereals, lean meat, reduced/low fat dairy, and dietary variety. We investigated associations between the DGI score, sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, chronic disease risk factors, and nutrient intakes. We found associations between the DGI scores and sex, age, income, area-level socioeconomic disadvantage, smoking, physical activity, waist:hip ratio, systolic blood pressure (males only), and self-assessed health status (females only) (all P < 0.05). Higher DGI scores were associated with lower intakes of energy, total fat, and saturated fat and higher intakes of fiber, beta-carotene, vitamin C, folate, calcium, and iron (P < 0.05). This food-based dietary index is able to discriminate across a variety of sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, and self-assessed health and reflects intakes of key nutrients.