The role of volatiles and lithology in the impact cratering process.
The role of volatiles and lithology in the impact cratering process.
复制标题
挥发物和岩性在撞击坑过程中的作用。
DOI：
10.1029/rg018i001p00143
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发表时间：
1980
影响因子：
25.2
通讯作者：
C. Simonds
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Kieffer;C. Simonds
一项对32个最大、侵蚀最少的陆地撞击结构的已发表描述的调查表明，结晶岩中火山口的熔融量大约比沉积岩中的火山口大两个数量级。提出了撞击过程的模型，并研究了熔体丰度的差异是由于不同目标材料产生的熔融量不同，还是由于撞击后期熔体命运的不同所致。该模型半定量地考虑了孔隙率、水分和挥发分含量对成坑过程的影响。指出了该模型的重要特征。即使释放的挥发物的再冷凝非常有效，反复撞击不断增加的行星的累积效应也会不断地将挥发物转移到外表面。通过这个过程，挥发物可能会向不断增长的行星的外层浓缩。
A survey of published descriptions of 32 of the largest, least eroded terrestrial impact structures shows that the amount of melt at craters in crystalline rocks is approximately two orders of magnitude greater than that at craters in sedimentary rocks. A model is proposed for the impact process, and it is examined whether the difference in melt abundance is due to differences in the amount of melt generated in various target materials or due to differences in the fate of the melt during late stages of the impact. The model accounts semiquantitatively for the effects of porosity and water and volatile content on the cratering process. Important features of the model are noted. Even if the recondensation of released volatiles is very efficient, the cumulative effect of repeated impacts on accreting planets would be to continually transfer volatiles toward the outer surface. By this process, volatiles might be enriched toward the outer layer of a growing planet.