Allocation of urban space between roads and residential area : Circular city model of traffic congestion free area
Allocation of urban space between roads and residential area : Circular city model of traffic congestion free area
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道路与居住区之间的城市空间分配：无交通拥堵区的循环城市模型
DOI：
10.15807/jorsj.38.398
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Taguchi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Taguchi
近年来，像东京这样的大城市的道路和火车几乎总是挤满了汽车和乘客。从交通设施的角度考虑，城市中心区的新建或现有设施的发展空间很小，这导致交通系统的能力严重不足。同样从交通需求的角度来看，一个人的出行次数对于一个生活在大城市的人和一个生活在小城镇的人来说可能不同，前者通常比后者更频繁地相互交流。因此，城市总交通量的增长速度可能高于人口的增长速度。在本文中，我们规划了一个城市模型，其中的交通设施有必要和足够的能力，通过所有的人在城市的行程。当我们考虑这个问题时，必须注意到交通系统不仅是一个网络，而且还占用相当大的空间。因此，城市的人口分布和交通系统是否有足够的能力来满足出行需求是相互依赖的，不能独立确定。所考虑的城市模型是一个半径为R的圆n，其中所有的旅行都是由人们通过汽车相互交流完成的，n中的空间被划分为住宅区和道路以形成整个城市，并且住宅区的部分由n中的位置x的函数f（x）表示，该函数是待确定的。假设居民区中的人口密度为常数p，每对人在单位时间内以常数概率B进行一次旅行，其中一个人沿着两点之间的直线从他的出发地移动到他的目的地。参数B被认为取决于n中的总体N，为B == boN-r，其中B o和1 '（0：：; 1'：：; 1）是常数。这意味着单位时间内一个人遇到的人数等于bN == boN 1-r，随着人口N的增加而增加。在这些假设下，我们推导出一个f（x）的泛函，表示n中通过x的交通量，并将其等同于道路面积（也是f（x）的函数）。
In recent years, roads and trains in a large city, such as Tokyo, are over-crowed by cars and passengers almost all the time. Considering the reasons from the standpoint of traffic facilities, there is little room for development of new or existing facilities in the central area of a city, which causes serious lack of capacity of the transportation system. Also from the standpoint of traffic demand, the number of trips made by a person may differ for one living in a large city and for one living in a small town, the former may usually intercommunicate each other more frequently than the latter. Therefore, the total traffic volume in a city may increase at a higher rate than its population grows. In this paper, we planned a model of a city where the transportation facilities have necessary and sufficient capacity to pass all the trips made by the people in the city. When we consider this problem, it must be noted that the transportation system is not only a network but also consumes considerable space. Therefore, the population distribution in the city and the transportation system which has enough capacity for the trips are mutually dependent and can not be determined independently. The model of a city to be considered is a circle n with radius R, where all the trips are made by the people intercommunicating each other by car, the space in n is partitioned into residential area and roads to form the whole city, and the portion of residential area is represented by a function f(x) of position x in n which is to be determined. [t is assumed that people populate with constant density p in residential area, for each pair of people a trip is made with constant probability b per unit time, and one moves from his origin to his destination along the straight line between the points. The parameter b is considered to depend on the population N in n as b == boN-r, where b o and 1'(0::; 1'::; 1) are constants. This means that the number of people being met by one person in a unit time is equal to bN == boN1-r which increases as the population N increases. Under these assumptions, we derive a functional of f(x) representing the traffic volume through x in n, and equate it with the road area(which is also a function of f(x)) …