Sex Differences in Mate Preferences Across 45 Countries: A Large-Scale Replication
Sex Differences in Mate Preferences Across 45 Countries: A Large-Scale Replication
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797620904154
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发表时间：
2020-03-20
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Zupancic, Maja
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walter, Kathryn, V;Conroy-Beam, Daniel;Zupancic, Maja
大量研究考察了跨文化的人类择偶偏好，发现对吸引力和资源的偏好存在普遍的性别差异，以及系统性文化差异的来源。两种相互竞争的观点——进化心理学观点和生物社会角色观点——为这些发现提供了不同的解释。然而，每种观点所依赖的原始数据已有数十年历史，文献中充满了相互矛盾的方法、分析、结果和结论。使用新的 45 个国家样本（N = 14,399），我们尝试复制经典研究并测试进化和生物社会角色观点。对普遍性别偏好差异的支持仍然很强烈：男性比女性更喜欢有魅力的年轻伴侣，而女性比男性更喜欢有经济前景的年长伴侣。从跨文化角度来看，随着性别平等的加强，男女都会拥有与自己年龄更接近的伴侣。除了伴侣年龄之外，病原体流行率和性别平等都无法有力地预测各国之间的性别差异或偏好。
Considerable research has examined human mate preferences across cultures, finding universal sex differences in preferences for attractiveness and resources as well as sources of systematic cultural variation. Two competing perspectives-an evolutionary psychological perspective and a biosocial role perspective-offer alternative explanations for these findings. However, the original data on which each perspective relies are decades old, and the literature is fraught with conflicting methods, analyses, results, and conclusions. Using a new 45-country sample (N = 14,399), we attempted to replicate classic studies and test both the evolutionary and biosocial role perspectives. Support for universal sex differences in preferences remains robust: Men, more than women, prefer attractive, young mates, and women, more than men, prefer older mates with financial prospects. Cross-culturally, both sexes have mates closer to their own ages as gender equality increases. Beyond age of partner, neither pathogen prevalence nor gender equality robustly predicted sex differences or preferences across countries.