Internet-based interventions to promote mental health help-seeking in elite athletes: an exploratory randomized controlled trial.
Internet-based interventions to promote mental health help-seeking in elite athletes: an exploratory randomized controlled trial.
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DOI：
10.2196/jmir.1864
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发表时间：
2012-06-29
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Stanimirovic R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gulliver A;Griffiths KM;Christensen H;Mackinnon A;Calear AL;Parsons A;Bennett K;Batterham PJ;Stanimirovic R
精神障碍在年轻人中比在任何其他生命阶段更常见。尽管如此，年轻人因心理健康问题寻求专业帮助的比例很低。年轻的优秀运动员对寻求帮助的态度不如非运动员积极，因此可能特别不太可能寻求帮助。旨在增加年轻精英运动员寻求帮助的干预措施是必要的。测试三种基于互联网的干预措施的可行性和有效性，这些干预措施旨在增加年轻优秀运动员与对照组相比的心理健康求助态度、意图和行为。我们进行了一项随机对照试验（RCT），在澳大利亚的一项封闭试验中，对59名年轻的精英运动员进行了三项简短的全自动基于互联网的心理健康求助干预。干预措施包括心理健康素养和去污名化的条件，提供症状水平的反馈条件，和一个最小的内容条件，包括一个列表的求助资源，与对照条件（无干预）。我们测量求助的态度，意图和行为使用自我评估的调查。精英运动员可以参加，无论他们的心理健康状况或精神疾病风险如何。在最初同意参加的120名运动员中，59名（49%）提交了干预前或干预后调查，或两者兼而有之，并被纳入本研究。依从性是令人满意的，48（81%）参与者访问了两周分配的干预材料。与对照组相比，没有一项干预措施在寻求帮助的态度、意图或行为方面产生显著增加。然而，在干预后，与对照组相比，心理健康素养/去污名化条件下，从正式来源寻求帮助的行为有更大的增加趋势（P = .06）。这种干预也与抑郁症识字率的增加有关（P = 0.003，P = 0.005）和焦虑素养（P = .002，P = .001），干预后和3个月随访时与对照组相比，（P = 0.01，P = 0.12）和3个月随访时的焦虑污名（P = 0.18，P = 0.02）。反馈和求助列表干预并没有改善抑郁或焦虑的识字或减少对这些条件的污名化态度。然而，研究结果应谨慎对待。由于招募挑战，实现的样本量显著低于目标量，研究的把握度不足。因此，这些结果应被视为仅提供初步的试点数据。这是第一个针对年轻精英运动员的基于互联网的心理健康求助干预的RCT。结果表明，简短的心理健康素养和去污名化可以提高知识，并可能减少耻辱，但不会增加寻求帮助。然而，由于试验效力不足，需要进行更大规模的试验。2009/373（www.clinicaltrials.gov ID：NCT 00940732），在http://www.webcitation.org/5ymsRLy9r引用。
Mental disorders are more common in young adults than at any other life stage. Despite this, young people have low rates of seeking professional help for mental health problems. Young elite athletes have less positive attitudes toward seeking help than nonathletes and thus may be particularly unlikely to seek help. Interventions aimed at increasing help-seeking in young elite athletes are warranted. To test the feasibility and efficacy of three Internet-based interventions designed to increase mental health help-seeking attitudes, intentions, and behavior in young elite athletes compared with a control condition. We conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of three brief fully automated Internet-based mental health help-seeking interventions with 59 young elite athletes recruited online in a closed trial in Australia. The interventions consisted of a mental health literacy and destigmatization condition, a feedback condition providing symptom levels, and a minimal content condition comprising a list of help-seeking resources, compared with a control condition (no intervention). We measured help-seeking attitudes, intentions and behavior using self-assessed surveys. Participation was open to elite athletes regardless of their mental health status or risk of mental illness. Of 120 athletes initially agreeing to participate, 59 (49%) submitted a preintervention or postintervention survey, or both, and were included in the present study. Adherence was satisfactory, with 48 (81%) participants visiting both weeks of assigned intervention material. None of the interventions yielded a significant increase in help-seeking attitudes, intentions, or behavior relative to control. However, at postintervention, there was a trend toward a greater increase in help-seeking behavior from formal sources for the mental health literacy/destigmatization condition compared with control (P = .06). This intervention was also associated with increased depression literacy (P = .003, P = .005) and anxiety literacy (P = .002, P = .001) relative to control at postintervention and 3-month follow-up, respectively, and a reduction in depression stigma relative to control at postintervention (P = .01, P = .12) and anxiety stigma at 3-month follow-up (P = .18, P = .02). The feedback and help-seeking list interventions did not improve depression or anxiety literacy or decrease stigmatizing attitudes to these conditions. However, the study findings should be treated with caution. Due to recruitment challenges, the achieved sample size fell significantly short of the target size and the study was underpowered. Accordingly, the results should be considered as providing preliminary pilot data only. This is the first RCT of an Internet-based mental health help-seeking intervention for young elite athletes. The results suggest that brief mental health literacy and destigmatization improves knowledge and may decrease stigma but does not increase help-seeking. However, since the trial was underpowered, a larger trial is warranted. 2009/373 (www.clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT00940732), cited at http://www.webcitation.org/5ymsRLy9r.