Evaluation of Claviceps purpurea isolates on wheat reveals complex virulence and host susceptibility relationships
Evaluation of Claviceps purpurea isolates on wheat reveals complex virulence and host susceptibility relationships
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/07060661.2017.1355334
复制
发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
O'Sullivan, Donal M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Menzies, James G.;Klein-Gebbinck, Henry W.;O'Sullivan, Donal M.
麦角菌是由麦角菌引起的谷物麦角菌病，由于菌核中含有有毒的生物碱，导致受感染谷物的产量损失和降级。抗性小麦基因型是已知的，但它们对不同地理区域的紫绿镰刀菌分离株的有效性尚未研究。本研究的目的是研究不同抗性小麦品系上紫孢单胞菌的致病变异。在可控的环境条件下，从加拿大和英国收集的41株紫孢杆菌单孢子分离株接种到硬粒小麦品系Melita’、Kyle’和9260B-173A以及六倍体春小麦品系Cadillac’、Vista’、Kenya Farmer’、Lee’和HY630组成的一组小麦基因型上。评价了蜜露产量和每穗产生的菌核重量。不同小麦基因型对病原菌的总体反应存在显著差异，不同地理来源和寄主来源的病原菌也存在显著差异。利用蜜露产量数据鉴定了20种毒力表型，利用41株分离株的菌核重量数据鉴定了23种毒力表型。不同毒力表型的存在表明毒力在紫癜菌群体中存在变异性，了解毒力表型是有效培育抗性商业品系的必要条件。
Ergot of cereals, caused by Claviceps purpurea, results in yield loss and downgrading of infested grain because of toxic alkaloids in the sclerotia. Resistant wheat genotypes are known, but their effectiveness against different C. purpurea isolates over geographic regions has not been studied. The objective of this study was to examine the pathogenic variability among isolates of C. purpurea on wheat lines differing in resistance. Under controlled environmental conditions, 41 single spore isolates of C. purpurea were obtained from Canadian and UK collections and inoculated onto a set of wheat genotypes composed of durum wheat lines Melita', 'Kyle' and 9260B-173A, and hexaploid spring wheat lines 'Cadillac', 'Vista', 'Kenya Farmer', 'Lee' and HY630. Honeydew production and weight of sclerotia produced per spike were assessed. There were significant differences among the wheat genotypes for overall reactions to the pathogen isolates, and among pathogen isolates for geographic origin and host origin. Twenty virulence phenotypes were identified using the honeydew production data, and 23 virulence phenotypes identified using the sclerotial weight data from the 41 isolates. The existence of different virulence phenotypes indicates that variability in virulence exists in populations of C. purpurea, and knowledge of virulence phenotypes is necessary to effectively breed for resistant commercial lines.