Under Victimization by an Outgroup: Belief in a Just World, National Identification, and Ingroup Blame
Under Victimization by an Outgroup: Belief in a Just World, National Identification, and Ingroup Blame
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01160
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发表时间：
2018-07-24
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Vala, Jorge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Correia, Isabel;Pereira, Cicero R.;Vala, Jorge
使用具有代表性的概率样本的葡萄牙公民和帧组间的角度来看，我们进行了两项研究，旨在解决如何在一个公正的世界（BJW）的民族认同和信仰共同预测二次受害的一个内群体作为一个整体（特别是内群体的责任）。我们在2014年进行了研究1（N = 779），当时欧洲紧缩政策正处于由机构外集团，特别是三驾马车（欧盟，欧洲中央银行和国际货币基金组织）强加给葡萄牙的最高峰。研究2（N = 1140）在三驾马车干预后进行。由外群体造成的持续的内群体痛苦的环境对那些更认同于内群体的个体的BJW更具威胁性。因此，我们预测并发现，BJW是积极相关的内组指责参与者在国家认同较高时，由一个机构外群体挑起的受害较高（研究1）。然而，当外群体造成的痛苦减少时，BJW和二次受害之间的关联并不受个人的民族认同的调节（研究2）。事实上，BJW，国家认同和社会背景（高与低受害）之间的三方互动。这些结果是一个重要的贡献的文献正义的动机方面的组间关系，因为他们表明，二次受害所产生的威胁BJW有一个基于组的身份功能。
Using representative probabilistic samples of Portuguese citizens and framed by an intergroup perspective, we carried out two studies aiming to address how national identification and belief in a just world (BJW) jointly predict secondary victimization of an ingroup as a whole (specifically ingroup blame). We conducted Study 1 (N = 779) in 2014, at the height of the European austerity policies imposed on Portugal by an institutional outgroup, specifically the Troika (the European Union, the European Central Bank, and the International Monetary Fund). Study 2 (N = 1140) was conducted after the Troika intervention. An environment of ongoing ingroup suffering caused by an outgroup is more threatening for the BJW of individuals who are more identified with the ingroup. We therefore predicted and found that BJW was positively associated with ingroup blame in participants higher in national identification when the victimization provoked by an institutional outgroup was higher (Study 1). However, when the suffering caused by the outgroup decreased, the association between BJW and secondary victimization was not moderated by individuals' national identification (Study 2). Indeed, a three-way interaction was found between BJW, national identification, and social context (high vs. low victimization). These results are an important contribution for the literature about justice motivation in terms of intergroup relations, because they show that secondary victimization produced by a threat to BJW has a group-based identity function.