Major histocompatibility complex-regulated odortypes: Peptide-free urinary volatile signals
Major histocompatibility complex-regulated odortypes: Peptide-free urinary volatile signals
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2008.10.003
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发表时间：
2009-01-08
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Beauchamp, Gary K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kwak, Jae;Opiekun, Maryanne Curran;Beauchamp, Gary K.
主要组织相容性复合体 (MHC) 基因影响小鼠的尿液气味（气味类型）。可以从远处检测到气味类型的观察结果支持了其中涉及挥发性气味剂。此外，尿液的化学分析揭示了许多挥发性气味物质，这些气味物质在小鼠之间的相对丰度不同，仅在 MHC 基因型上有所不同。此外，MHC 不同小鼠的尿液会在主嗅球中引起不同的气味诱导活动图。然而，最近的研究报告称，非挥发性 MHC 1 类肽可能直接充当 MHC 相关信号，因此可能会让人质疑挥发性 MHC 信号的证据。为了评估这个问题，我们设计了一种收集无肽尿液挥发物的程序，并测试了这些挥发物介导 MHC 基因型不同的 MHC 同源小鼠化学感应辨别的能力。通过固相微萃取 (SPME) 收集 C57BL/6 同类小鼠（单倍型 H2(b) 和 H2(k)）尿液中的顶空挥发物。然后将这些挥发物解吸到气相色谱仪 (GC) 中，并将全部色谱洗脱液收集到缓冲溶液中。我们的结果最终证明，经过训练以区分同类小鼠的纯尿液信号的小鼠，在没有奖励或训练的情况下，将这种区分推广到含有不含肽的尿液挥发物的缓冲溶液（p
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes influence urinary odors (odortypes) of mice. That volatile odorants are involved is supported by the observation that odortype identity can be detected from a distance. Furthermore, chemical analyses of urines have revealed numerous volatile odorants that differ in relative abundance between mice that differ only in MHC genotypes. In addition, urines from MHC-different mice evoke distinct odor-induced activity maps in the main olfactory bulbs. However, recent studies report that non-volatile MHC class 1 peptides may directly act as MHC-associated signals and may thereby be seen to call into question the evidence for a volatile MHC signal. To evaluate this question, we designed a procedure to collect peptide-free urinary volatiles and tested these volatiles for their ability to mediate chemosensory discrimination of MHC-congenic mice differing in their MHC genotype. The headspace volatiles from urines of C57BL/6 congenic mice (haplotypes H2(b) and H2(k)) were collected by solid phase microextraction (SPME). These volatiles were then desorbed into a gas chromatograph (GC) and the entire chromatographic eluate was collected into a buffer solution. Our results conclusively demonstrate that mice trained to discriminate between unadulterated urinary signals of the congenic mice generalize the discrimination, without reward or training, to the buffer solution containing the peptide-free urinary volatiles (p